Microservice sample projects

75 files changed, 5180 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/microservices/01-oauth2-server/.gitattributes b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b41682
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+/mvnw text eol=lf
+*.cmd text eol=crlf
diff --git a/microservices/01-oauth2-server/.gitignore b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..667aaef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+HELP.md
+target/
+.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.jar
+!**/src/main/**/target/
+!**/src/test/**/target/
+
+### STS ###
+.apt_generated
+.classpath
+.factorypath
+.project
+.settings
+.springBeans
+.sts4-cache
+
+### IntelliJ IDEA ###
+.idea
+*.iws
+*.iml
+*.ipr
+
+### NetBeans ###
+/nbproject/private/
+/nbbuild/
+/dist/
+/nbdist/
+/.nb-gradle/
+build/
+!**/src/main/**/build/
+!**/src/test/**/build/
+
+### VS Code ###
+.vscode/
diff --git a/microservices/01-oauth2-server/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..216df05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+wrapperVersion=3.3.4
+distributionType=only-script
+distributionUrl=https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/apache-maven/3.9.16/apache-maven-3.9.16-bin.zip
diff --git a/microservices/01-oauth2-server/README b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f91aac5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/README
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+This project is a simple OAuth2 server using Spring Security.
+
+It has been cofigured to authenticate users as defined in the application.yaml file.
+
+However, this same sample project can be extened to authenticate users based on other authentication mechanisms such as LDAP, database and so on.
+
+To run:
+  ./mvnw spring-boot:run
+
+The deb directory content can be used to make a deb file from this project that can be used to deploy this as a service.
diff --git a/microservices/01-oauth2-server/mvnw b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/mvnw
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..bd8896b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/mvnw
@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Apache Maven Wrapper startup batch script, version 3.3.4
+#
+# Optional ENV vars
+# -----------------
+#   JAVA_HOME - location of a JDK home dir, required when download maven via java source
+#   MVNW_REPOURL - repo url base for downloading maven distribution
+#   MVNW_USERNAME/MVNW_PASSWORD - user and password for downloading maven
+#   MVNW_VERBOSE - true: enable verbose log; debug: trace the mvnw script; others: silence the output
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+set -euf
+[ "${MVNW_VERBOSE-}" != debug ] || set -x
+
+# OS specific support.
+native_path() { printf %s\\n "$1"; }
+case "$(uname)" in
+CYGWIN* | MINGW*)
+  [ -z "${JAVA_HOME-}" ] || JAVA_HOME="$(cygpath --unix "$JAVA_HOME")"
+  native_path() { cygpath --path --windows "$1"; }
+  ;;
+esac
+
+# set JAVACMD and JAVACCMD
+set_java_home() {
+  # For Cygwin and MinGW, ensure paths are in Unix format before anything is touched
+  if [ -n "${JAVA_HOME-}" ]; then
+    if [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java" ]; then
+      # IBM's JDK on AIX uses strange locations for the executables
+      JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java"
+      JAVACCMD="$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/javac"
+    else
+      JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/bin/java"
+      JAVACCMD="$JAVA_HOME/bin/javac"
+
+      if [ ! -x "$JAVACMD" ] || [ ! -x "$JAVACCMD" ]; then
+        echo "The JAVA_HOME environment variable is not defined correctly, so mvnw cannot run." >&2
+        echo "JAVA_HOME is set to \"$JAVA_HOME\", but \"\$JAVA_HOME/bin/java\" or \"\$JAVA_HOME/bin/javac\" does not exist." >&2
+        return 1
+      fi
+    fi
+  else
+    JAVACMD="$(
+      'set' +e
+      'unset' -f command 2>/dev/null
+      'command' -v java
+    )" || :
+    JAVACCMD="$(
+      'set' +e
+      'unset' -f command 2>/dev/null
+      'command' -v javac
+    )" || :
+
+    if [ ! -x "${JAVACMD-}" ] || [ ! -x "${JAVACCMD-}" ]; then
+      echo "The java/javac command does not exist in PATH nor is JAVA_HOME set, so mvnw cannot run." >&2
+      return 1
+    fi
+  fi
+}
+
+# hash string like Java String::hashCode
+hash_string() {
+  str="${1:-}" h=0
+  while [ -n "$str" ]; do
+    char="${str%"${str#?}"}"
+    h=$(((h * 31 + $(LC_CTYPE=C printf %d "'$char")) % 4294967296))
+    str="${str#?}"
+  done
+  printf %x\\n $h
+}
+
+verbose() { :; }
+[ "${MVNW_VERBOSE-}" != true ] || verbose() { printf %s\\n "${1-}"; }
+
+die() {
+  printf %s\\n "$1" >&2
+  exit 1
+}
+
+trim() {
+  # MWRAPPER-139:
+  #   Trims trailing and leading whitespace, carriage returns, tabs, and linefeeds.
+  #   Needed for removing poorly interpreted newline sequences when running in more
+  #   exotic environments such as mingw bash on Windows.
+  printf "%s" "${1}" | tr -d '[:space:]'
+}
+
+scriptDir="$(dirname "$0")"
+scriptName="$(basename "$0")"
+
+# parse distributionUrl and optional distributionSha256Sum, requires .mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
+while IFS="=" read -r key value; do
+  case "${key-}" in
+  distributionUrl) distributionUrl=$(trim "${value-}") ;;
+  distributionSha256Sum) distributionSha256Sum=$(trim "${value-}") ;;
+  esac
+done <"$scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties"
+[ -n "${distributionUrl-}" ] || die "cannot read distributionUrl property in $scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties"
+
+case "${distributionUrl##*/}" in
+maven-mvnd-*bin.*)
+  MVN_CMD=mvnd.sh _MVNW_REPO_PATTERN=/maven/mvnd/
+  case "${PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE-}${PROCESSOR_ARCHITEW6432-}:$(uname -a)" in
+  *AMD64:CYGWIN* | *AMD64:MINGW*) distributionPlatform=windows-amd64 ;;
+  :Darwin*x86_64) distributionPlatform=darwin-amd64 ;;
+  :Darwin*arm64) distributionPlatform=darwin-aarch64 ;;
+  :Linux*x86_64*) distributionPlatform=linux-amd64 ;;
+  *)
+    echo "Cannot detect native platform for mvnd on $(uname)-$(uname -m), use pure java version" >&2
+    distributionPlatform=linux-amd64
+    ;;
+  esac
+  distributionUrl="${distributionUrl%-bin.*}-$distributionPlatform.zip"
+  ;;
+maven-mvnd-*) MVN_CMD=mvnd.sh _MVNW_REPO_PATTERN=/maven/mvnd/ ;;
+*) MVN_CMD="mvn${scriptName#mvnw}" _MVNW_REPO_PATTERN=/org/apache/maven/ ;;
+esac
+
+# apply MVNW_REPOURL and calculate MAVEN_HOME
+# maven home pattern: ~/.m2/wrapper/dists/{apache-maven-<version>,maven-mvnd-<version>-<platform>}/<hash>
+[ -z "${MVNW_REPOURL-}" ] || distributionUrl="$MVNW_REPOURL$_MVNW_REPO_PATTERN${distributionUrl#*"$_MVNW_REPO_PATTERN"}"
+distributionUrlName="${distributionUrl##*/}"
+distributionUrlNameMain="${distributionUrlName%.*}"
+distributionUrlNameMain="${distributionUrlNameMain%-bin}"
+MAVEN_USER_HOME="${MAVEN_USER_HOME:-${HOME}/.m2}"
+MAVEN_HOME="${MAVEN_USER_HOME}/wrapper/dists/${distributionUrlNameMain-}/$(hash_string "$distributionUrl")"
+
+exec_maven() {
+  unset MVNW_VERBOSE MVNW_USERNAME MVNW_PASSWORD MVNW_REPOURL || :
+  exec "$MAVEN_HOME/bin/$MVN_CMD" "$@" || die "cannot exec $MAVEN_HOME/bin/$MVN_CMD"
+}
+
+if [ -d "$MAVEN_HOME" ]; then
+  verbose "found existing MAVEN_HOME at $MAVEN_HOME"
+  exec_maven "$@"
+fi
+
+case "${distributionUrl-}" in
+*?-bin.zip | *?maven-mvnd-?*-?*.zip) ;;
+*) die "distributionUrl is not valid, must match *-bin.zip or maven-mvnd-*.zip, but found '${distributionUrl-}'" ;;
+esac
+
+# prepare tmp dir
+if TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR="$(mktemp -d)" && [ -d "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" ]; then
+  clean() { rm -rf -- "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR"; }
+  trap clean HUP INT TERM EXIT
+else
+  die "cannot create temp dir"
+fi
+
+mkdir -p -- "${MAVEN_HOME%/*}"
+
+# Download and Install Apache Maven
+verbose "Couldn't find MAVEN_HOME, downloading and installing it ..."
+verbose "Downloading from: $distributionUrl"
+verbose "Downloading to: $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName"
+
+# select .zip or .tar.gz
+if ! command -v unzip >/dev/null; then
+  distributionUrl="${distributionUrl%.zip}.tar.gz"
+  distributionUrlName="${distributionUrl##*/}"
+fi
+
+# verbose opt
+__MVNW_QUIET_WGET=--quiet __MVNW_QUIET_CURL=--silent __MVNW_QUIET_UNZIP=-q __MVNW_QUIET_TAR=''
+[ "${MVNW_VERBOSE-}" != true ] || __MVNW_QUIET_WGET='' __MVNW_QUIET_CURL='' __MVNW_QUIET_UNZIP='' __MVNW_QUIET_TAR=v
+
+# normalize http auth
+case "${MVNW_PASSWORD:+has-password}" in
+'') MVNW_USERNAME='' MVNW_PASSWORD='' ;;
+has-password) [ -n "${MVNW_USERNAME-}" ] || MVNW_USERNAME='' MVNW_PASSWORD='' ;;
+esac
+
+if [ -z "${MVNW_USERNAME-}" ] && command -v wget >/dev/null; then
+  verbose "Found wget ... using wget"
+  wget ${__MVNW_QUIET_WGET:+"$__MVNW_QUIET_WGET"} "$distributionUrl" -O "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" || die "wget: Failed to fetch $distributionUrl"
+elif [ -z "${MVNW_USERNAME-}" ] && command -v curl >/dev/null; then
+  verbose "Found curl ... using curl"
+  curl ${__MVNW_QUIET_CURL:+"$__MVNW_QUIET_CURL"} -f -L -o "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" "$distributionUrl" || die "curl: Failed to fetch $distributionUrl"
+elif set_java_home; then
+  verbose "Falling back to use Java to download"
+  javaSource="$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/Downloader.java"
+  targetZip="$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName"
+  cat >"$javaSource" <<-END
+	public class Downloader extends java.net.Authenticator
+	{
+	  protected java.net.PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication()
+	  {
+	    return new java.net.PasswordAuthentication( System.getenv( "MVNW_USERNAME" ), System.getenv( "MVNW_PASSWORD" ).toCharArray() );
+	  }
+	  public static void main( String[] args ) throws Exception
+	  {
+	    setDefault( new Downloader() );
+	    java.nio.file.Files.copy( java.net.URI.create( args[0] ).toURL().openStream(), java.nio.file.Paths.get( args[1] ).toAbsolutePath().normalize() );
+	  }
+	}
+	END
+  # For Cygwin/MinGW, switch paths to Windows format before running javac and java
+  verbose " - Compiling Downloader.java ..."
+  "$(native_path "$JAVACCMD")" "$(native_path "$javaSource")" || die "Failed to compile Downloader.java"
+  verbose " - Running Downloader.java ..."
+  "$(native_path "$JAVACMD")" -cp "$(native_path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR")" Downloader "$distributionUrl" "$(native_path "$targetZip")"
+fi
+
+# If specified, validate the SHA-256 sum of the Maven distribution zip file
+if [ -n "${distributionSha256Sum-}" ]; then
+  distributionSha256Result=false
+  if [ "$MVN_CMD" = mvnd.sh ]; then
+    echo "Checksum validation is not supported for maven-mvnd." >&2
+    echo "Please disable validation by removing 'distributionSha256Sum' from your maven-wrapper.properties." >&2
+    exit 1
+  elif command -v sha256sum >/dev/null; then
+    if echo "$distributionSha256Sum  $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" | sha256sum -c - >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+      distributionSha256Result=true
+    fi
+  elif command -v shasum >/dev/null; then
+    if echo "$distributionSha256Sum  $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" | shasum -a 256 -c >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+      distributionSha256Result=true
+    fi
+  else
+    echo "Checksum validation was requested but neither 'sha256sum' or 'shasum' are available." >&2
+    echo "Please install either command, or disable validation by removing 'distributionSha256Sum' from your maven-wrapper.properties." >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+  if [ $distributionSha256Result = false ]; then
+    echo "Error: Failed to validate Maven distribution SHA-256, your Maven distribution might be compromised." >&2
+    echo "If you updated your Maven version, you need to update the specified distributionSha256Sum property." >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+fi
+
+# unzip and move
+if command -v unzip >/dev/null; then
+  unzip ${__MVNW_QUIET_UNZIP:+"$__MVNW_QUIET_UNZIP"} "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" -d "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" || die "failed to unzip"
+else
+  tar xzf${__MVNW_QUIET_TAR:+"$__MVNW_QUIET_TAR"} "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" -C "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" || die "failed to untar"
+fi
+
+# Find the actual extracted directory name (handles snapshots where filename != directory name)
+actualDistributionDir=""
+
+# First try the expected directory name (for regular distributions)
+if [ -d "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlNameMain" ]; then
+  if [ -f "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlNameMain/bin/$MVN_CMD" ]; then
+    actualDistributionDir="$distributionUrlNameMain"
+  fi
+fi
+
+# If not found, search for any directory with the Maven executable (for snapshots)
+if [ -z "$actualDistributionDir" ]; then
+  # enable globbing to iterate over items
+  set +f
+  for dir in "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR"/*; do
+    if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
+      if [ -f "$dir/bin/$MVN_CMD" ]; then
+        actualDistributionDir="$(basename "$dir")"
+        break
+      fi
+    fi
+  done
+  set -f
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$actualDistributionDir" ]; then
+  verbose "Contents of $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR:"
+  verbose "$(ls -la "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR")"
+  die "Could not find Maven distribution directory in extracted archive"
+fi
+
+verbose "Found extracted Maven distribution directory: $actualDistributionDir"
+printf %s\\n "$distributionUrl" >"$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$actualDistributionDir/mvnw.url"
+mv -- "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$actualDistributionDir" "$MAVEN_HOME" || [ -d "$MAVEN_HOME" ] || die "fail to move MAVEN_HOME"
+
+clean || :
+exec_maven "$@"
diff --git a/microservices/01-oauth2-server/mvnw.cmd b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/mvnw.cmd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..92450f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/mvnw.cmd
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+<# : batch portion
+@REM ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+@REM Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+@REM or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+@REM distributed with this work for additional information
+@REM regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+@REM to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+@REM "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+@REM with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+@REM
+@REM    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+@REM
+@REM Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+@REM software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+@REM "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+@REM KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+@REM specific language governing permissions and limitations
+@REM under the License.
+@REM ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@REM ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+@REM Apache Maven Wrapper startup batch script, version 3.3.4
+@REM
+@REM Optional ENV vars
+@REM   MVNW_REPOURL - repo url base for downloading maven distribution
+@REM   MVNW_USERNAME/MVNW_PASSWORD - user and password for downloading maven
+@REM   MVNW_VERBOSE - true: enable verbose log; others: silence the output
+@REM ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@IF "%__MVNW_ARG0_NAME__%"=="" (SET __MVNW_ARG0_NAME__=%~nx0)
+@SET __MVNW_CMD__=
+@SET __MVNW_ERROR__=
+@SET __MVNW_PSMODULEP_SAVE=%PSModulePath%
+@SET PSModulePath=
+@FOR /F "usebackq tokens=1* delims==" %%A IN (`powershell -noprofile "& {$scriptDir='%~dp0'; $script='%__MVNW_ARG0_NAME__%'; icm -ScriptBlock ([Scriptblock]::Create((Get-Content -Raw '%~f0'))) -NoNewScope}"`) DO @(
+  IF "%%A"=="MVN_CMD" (set __MVNW_CMD__=%%B) ELSE IF "%%B"=="" (echo %%A) ELSE (echo %%A=%%B)
+)
+@SET PSModulePath=%__MVNW_PSMODULEP_SAVE%
+@SET __MVNW_PSMODULEP_SAVE=
+@SET __MVNW_ARG0_NAME__=
+@SET MVNW_USERNAME=
+@SET MVNW_PASSWORD=
+@IF NOT "%__MVNW_CMD__%"=="" ("%__MVNW_CMD__%" %*)
+@echo Cannot start maven from wrapper >&2 && exit /b 1
+@GOTO :EOF
+: end batch / begin powershell #>
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+if ($env:MVNW_VERBOSE -eq "true") {
+  $VerbosePreference = "Continue"
+}
+
+# calculate distributionUrl, requires .mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
+$distributionUrl = (Get-Content -Raw "$scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties" | ConvertFrom-StringData).distributionUrl
+if (!$distributionUrl) {
+  Write-Error "cannot read distributionUrl property in $scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties"
+}
+
+switch -wildcard -casesensitive ( $($distributionUrl -replace '^.*/','') ) {
+  "maven-mvnd-*" {
+    $USE_MVND = $true
+    $distributionUrl = $distributionUrl -replace '-bin\.[^.]*$',"-windows-amd64.zip"
+    $MVN_CMD = "mvnd.cmd"
+    break
+  }
+  default {
+    $USE_MVND = $false
+    $MVN_CMD = $script -replace '^mvnw','mvn'
+    break
+  }
+}
+
+# apply MVNW_REPOURL and calculate MAVEN_HOME
+# maven home pattern: ~/.m2/wrapper/dists/{apache-maven-<version>,maven-mvnd-<version>-<platform>}/<hash>
+if ($env:MVNW_REPOURL) {
+  $MVNW_REPO_PATTERN = if ($USE_MVND -eq $False) { "/org/apache/maven/" } else { "/maven/mvnd/" }
+  $distributionUrl = "$env:MVNW_REPOURL$MVNW_REPO_PATTERN$($distributionUrl -replace "^.*$MVNW_REPO_PATTERN",'')"
+}
+$distributionUrlName = $distributionUrl -replace '^.*/',''
+$distributionUrlNameMain = $distributionUrlName -replace '\.[^.]*$','' -replace '-bin$',''
+
+$MAVEN_M2_PATH = "$HOME/.m2"
+if ($env:MAVEN_USER_HOME) {
+  $MAVEN_M2_PATH = "$env:MAVEN_USER_HOME"
+}
+
+if (-not (Test-Path -Path $MAVEN_M2_PATH)) {
+    New-Item -Path $MAVEN_M2_PATH -ItemType Directory | Out-Null
+}
+
+$MAVEN_WRAPPER_DISTS = $null
+if ((Get-Item $MAVEN_M2_PATH).Target[0] -eq $null) {
+  $MAVEN_WRAPPER_DISTS = "$MAVEN_M2_PATH/wrapper/dists"
+} else {
+  $MAVEN_WRAPPER_DISTS = (Get-Item $MAVEN_M2_PATH).Target[0] + "/wrapper/dists"
+}
+
+$MAVEN_HOME_PARENT = "$MAVEN_WRAPPER_DISTS/$distributionUrlNameMain"
+$MAVEN_HOME_NAME = ([System.Security.Cryptography.SHA256]::Create().ComputeHash([byte[]][char[]]$distributionUrl) | ForEach-Object {$_.ToString("x2")}) -join ''
+$MAVEN_HOME = "$MAVEN_HOME_PARENT/$MAVEN_HOME_NAME"
+
+if (Test-Path -Path "$MAVEN_HOME" -PathType Container) {
+  Write-Verbose "found existing MAVEN_HOME at $MAVEN_HOME"
+  Write-Output "MVN_CMD=$MAVEN_HOME/bin/$MVN_CMD"
+  exit $?
+}
+
+if (! $distributionUrlNameMain -or ($distributionUrlName -eq $distributionUrlNameMain)) {
+  Write-Error "distributionUrl is not valid, must end with *-bin.zip, but found $distributionUrl"
+}
+
+# prepare tmp dir
+$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR_HOLDER = New-TemporaryFile
+$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR = New-Item -Itemtype Directory -Path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR_HOLDER.dir"
+$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR_HOLDER.Delete() | Out-Null
+trap {
+  if ($TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR.Exists) {
+    try { Remove-Item $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR -Recurse -Force | Out-Null }
+    catch { Write-Warning "Cannot remove $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" }
+  }
+}
+
+New-Item -Itemtype Directory -Path "$MAVEN_HOME_PARENT" -Force | Out-Null
+
+# Download and Install Apache Maven
+Write-Verbose "Couldn't find MAVEN_HOME, downloading and installing it ..."
+Write-Verbose "Downloading from: $distributionUrl"
+Write-Verbose "Downloading to: $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName"
+
+$webclient = New-Object System.Net.WebClient
+if ($env:MVNW_USERNAME -and $env:MVNW_PASSWORD) {
+  $webclient.Credentials = New-Object System.Net.NetworkCredential($env:MVNW_USERNAME, $env:MVNW_PASSWORD)
+}
+[Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12
+$webclient.DownloadFile($distributionUrl, "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName") | Out-Null
+
+# If specified, validate the SHA-256 sum of the Maven distribution zip file
+$distributionSha256Sum = (Get-Content -Raw "$scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties" | ConvertFrom-StringData).distributionSha256Sum
+if ($distributionSha256Sum) {
+  if ($USE_MVND) {
+    Write-Error "Checksum validation is not supported for maven-mvnd. `nPlease disable validation by removing 'distributionSha256Sum' from your maven-wrapper.properties."
+  }
+  Import-Module $PSHOME\Modules\Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility -Function Get-FileHash
+  if ((Get-FileHash "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" -Algorithm SHA256).Hash.ToLower() -ne $distributionSha256Sum) {
+    Write-Error "Error: Failed to validate Maven distribution SHA-256, your Maven distribution might be compromised. If you updated your Maven version, you need to update the specified distributionSha256Sum property."
+  }
+}
+
+# unzip and move
+Expand-Archive "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" -DestinationPath "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" | Out-Null
+
+# Find the actual extracted directory name (handles snapshots where filename != directory name)
+$actualDistributionDir = ""
+
+# First try the expected directory name (for regular distributions)
+$expectedPath = Join-Path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" "$distributionUrlNameMain"
+$expectedMvnPath = Join-Path "$expectedPath" "bin/$MVN_CMD"
+if ((Test-Path -Path $expectedPath -PathType Container) -and (Test-Path -Path $expectedMvnPath -PathType Leaf)) {
+  $actualDistributionDir = $distributionUrlNameMain
+}
+
+# If not found, search for any directory with the Maven executable (for snapshots)
+if (!$actualDistributionDir) {
+  Get-ChildItem -Path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" -Directory | ForEach-Object {
+    $testPath = Join-Path $_.FullName "bin/$MVN_CMD"
+    if (Test-Path -Path $testPath -PathType Leaf) {
+      $actualDistributionDir = $_.Name
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+if (!$actualDistributionDir) {
+  Write-Error "Could not find Maven distribution directory in extracted archive"
+}
+
+Write-Verbose "Found extracted Maven distribution directory: $actualDistributionDir"
+Rename-Item -Path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$actualDistributionDir" -NewName $MAVEN_HOME_NAME | Out-Null
+try {
+  Move-Item -Path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$MAVEN_HOME_NAME" -Destination $MAVEN_HOME_PARENT | Out-Null
+} catch {
+  if (! (Test-Path -Path "$MAVEN_HOME" -PathType Container)) {
+    Write-Error "fail to move MAVEN_HOME"
+  }
+} finally {
+  try { Remove-Item $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR -Recurse -Force | Out-Null }
+  catch { Write-Warning "Cannot remove $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" }
+}
+
+Write-Output "MVN_CMD=$MAVEN_HOME/bin/$MVN_CMD"
diff --git a/microservices/01-oauth2-server/pom.xml b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/pom.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..692fb68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/pom.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+	<parent>
+		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
+		<version>4.1.0</version>
+		<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
+	</parent>
+	<groupId>com.example</groupId>
+	<artifactId>oauth2-server</artifactId>
+	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
+	<name />
+	<description />
+	<url />
+	<licenses>
+		<license />
+	</licenses>
+	<developers>
+		<developer />
+	</developers>
+	<scm>
+		<connection />
+		<developerConnection />
+		<tag />
+		<url />
+	</scm>
+	<properties>
+		<java.version>25</java.version>
+	</properties>
+	<dependencies>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security-oauth2-authorization-server</artifactId>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webmvc</artifactId>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
+			<artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity6</artifactId>
+		</dependency>
+
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
+			<scope>runtime</scope>
+			<optional>true</optional>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security-oauth2-authorization-server-test</artifactId>
+			<scope>test</scope>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf-test</artifactId>
+			<scope>test</scope>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webmvc-test</artifactId>
+			<scope>test</scope>
+		</dependency>
+	</dependencies>
+
+	<build>
+		<plugins>
+			<plugin>
+				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+			</plugin>
+		</plugins>
+	</build>
+
+</project>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/java/com/example/oauth2server/Oauth2ServerApplication.java b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/java/com/example/oauth2server/Oauth2ServerApplication.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68ee050
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/java/com/example/oauth2server/Oauth2ServerApplication.java
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package com.example.oauth2server;
+
+import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
+import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
+
+@SpringBootApplication
+public class Oauth2ServerApplication {
+
+	public static void main(String[] args) {
+		SpringApplication.run(Oauth2ServerApplication.class, args);
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/java/com/example/oauth2server/config/AppConfig.java b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/java/com/example/oauth2server/config/AppConfig.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d841104
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/java/com/example/oauth2server/config/AppConfig.java
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package com.example.oauth2server.config;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
+
+@Component
+@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "app")
+public class AppConfig {
+    private List<UserProperties> users;
+
+    // Getters and Setters are required
+    public List<UserProperties> getUsers() { return users; }
+    public void setUsers(List<UserProperties> users) { this.users = users; }
+}
diff --git a/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/java/com/example/oauth2server/config/SecurityConfig.java b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/java/com/example/oauth2server/config/SecurityConfig.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..205ad71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/java/com/example/oauth2server/config/SecurityConfig.java
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package com.example.oauth2server.config;
+
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
+import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
+import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
+import org.springframework.security.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManager;
+
+@Configuration
+public class SecurityConfig {
+    private AppConfig appConfig;
+
+    public SecurityConfig(AppConfig appConfig) {
+        this.appConfig = appConfig;
+    }
+
+    @Bean
+    public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
+        InMemoryUserDetailsManager manager = new InMemoryUserDetailsManager();
+
+        appConfig.getUsers().forEach(user -> manager.createUser(User.withUsername(user.getUsername())
+                .password(user.getPassword())
+                .build()));
+
+        return manager;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/java/com/example/oauth2server/config/UserProperties.java b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/java/com/example/oauth2server/config/UserProperties.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c81a52a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/java/com/example/oauth2server/config/UserProperties.java
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package com.example.oauth2server.config;
+
+public class UserProperties {
+    private String username;
+    private String password;
+
+    public String getUsername() {
+        return username;
+    }
+    public void setUsername(String username) {
+        this.username = username;
+    }
+    public String getPassword() {
+        return password;
+    }
+    public void setPassword(String password) {
+        this.password = password;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/resources/application.yaml b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/resources/application.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b263a5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/resources/application.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+server:
+  port: 8051
+  address: 127.0.0.1
+
+#logging:
+#  level:
+#    org.springframework.security: trace
+
+spring:
+  application:
+    name: oauth2-server
+  security:
+    oauth2:
+      authorizationserver:
+        client:
+          oidc-client:
+            registration:
+              client-id: "api-gateway"
+              client-secret: "{noop}apiGatewayPassword1234"
+              client-authentication-methods:
+                - "client_secret_basic"
+              authorization-grant-types:
+                - "authorization_code"
+                - "refresh_token"
+              redirect-uris:
+                - "http://localhost:5173/bff/login/oauth2/code/api-gateway"
+              post-logout-redirect-uris:
+                - "http://localhost:5173/"
+              scopes:
+                - "openid"
+                - "profile"
+            require-authorization-consent: false
+
+app:
+  users:
+    - username: admin
+      password: "{noop}abc123"
+    - username: user1
+      password: "{noop}abc123"
diff --git a/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/resources/templates/error.html b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/resources/templates/error.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f97dc77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/main/resources/templates/error.html
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html xmlns:th="http://thymeleaf.org" xmlns:sec="http://thymeleaf.org/extras/spring-security">
+
+<head>
+    <title>An Error Occurred</title>
+</head>
+
+<body>
+    <h1>Something went wrong!</h1>
+    <p>Status: <span th:text="${status}">500</span></p>
+    <p>Error: <span th:text="${error}">Internal Server Error</span></p>
+    <p>Message: <span th:text="${message}">Unexpected error</span></p>
+    <p>Path: <span th:text="${path}">/</span></p>
+
+    <a th:href="@{/}">Back to Home</a>
+
+    <div sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()" style="padding-top: 10px;">
+        <form th:action="@{/logout}" method="post">
+            <button type="submit">
+                Logout
+            </button>
+        </form>
+    </div>
+</body>
+
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/test/java/com/example/oauth2server/Oauth2ServerApplicationTests.java b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/test/java/com/example/oauth2server/Oauth2ServerApplicationTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..507215a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/01-oauth2-server/src/test/java/com/example/oauth2server/Oauth2ServerApplicationTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package com.example.oauth2server;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
+
+@SpringBootTest
+class Oauth2ServerApplicationTests {
+
+	@Test
+	void contextLoads() {
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/microservices/02-api-gateway/.gitattributes b/microservices/02-api-gateway/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b41682
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/02-api-gateway/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+/mvnw text eol=lf
+*.cmd text eol=crlf
diff --git a/microservices/02-api-gateway/.gitignore b/microservices/02-api-gateway/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..667aaef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/02-api-gateway/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+HELP.md
+target/
+.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.jar
+!**/src/main/**/target/
+!**/src/test/**/target/
+
+### STS ###
+.apt_generated
+.classpath
+.factorypath
+.project
+.settings
+.springBeans
+.sts4-cache
+
+### IntelliJ IDEA ###
+.idea
+*.iws
+*.iml
+*.ipr
+
+### NetBeans ###
+/nbproject/private/
+/nbbuild/
+/dist/
+/nbdist/
+/.nb-gradle/
+build/
+!**/src/main/**/build/
+!**/src/test/**/build/
+
+### VS Code ###
+.vscode/
diff --git a/microservices/02-api-gateway/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties b/microservices/02-api-gateway/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..216df05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/02-api-gateway/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+wrapperVersion=3.3.4
+distributionType=only-script
+distributionUrl=https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/apache-maven/3.9.16/apache-maven-3.9.16-bin.zip
diff --git a/microservices/02-api-gateway/mvnw b/microservices/02-api-gateway/mvnw
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..bd8896b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/02-api-gateway/mvnw
@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Apache Maven Wrapper startup batch script, version 3.3.4
+#
+# Optional ENV vars
+# -----------------
+#   JAVA_HOME - location of a JDK home dir, required when download maven via java source
+#   MVNW_REPOURL - repo url base for downloading maven distribution
+#   MVNW_USERNAME/MVNW_PASSWORD - user and password for downloading maven
+#   MVNW_VERBOSE - true: enable verbose log; debug: trace the mvnw script; others: silence the output
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+set -euf
+[ "${MVNW_VERBOSE-}" != debug ] || set -x
+
+# OS specific support.
+native_path() { printf %s\\n "$1"; }
+case "$(uname)" in
+CYGWIN* | MINGW*)
+  [ -z "${JAVA_HOME-}" ] || JAVA_HOME="$(cygpath --unix "$JAVA_HOME")"
+  native_path() { cygpath --path --windows "$1"; }
+  ;;
+esac
+
+# set JAVACMD and JAVACCMD
+set_java_home() {
+  # For Cygwin and MinGW, ensure paths are in Unix format before anything is touched
+  if [ -n "${JAVA_HOME-}" ]; then
+    if [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java" ]; then
+      # IBM's JDK on AIX uses strange locations for the executables
+      JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java"
+      JAVACCMD="$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/javac"
+    else
+      JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/bin/java"
+      JAVACCMD="$JAVA_HOME/bin/javac"
+
+      if [ ! -x "$JAVACMD" ] || [ ! -x "$JAVACCMD" ]; then
+        echo "The JAVA_HOME environment variable is not defined correctly, so mvnw cannot run." >&2
+        echo "JAVA_HOME is set to \"$JAVA_HOME\", but \"\$JAVA_HOME/bin/java\" or \"\$JAVA_HOME/bin/javac\" does not exist." >&2
+        return 1
+      fi
+    fi
+  else
+    JAVACMD="$(
+      'set' +e
+      'unset' -f command 2>/dev/null
+      'command' -v java
+    )" || :
+    JAVACCMD="$(
+      'set' +e
+      'unset' -f command 2>/dev/null
+      'command' -v javac
+    )" || :
+
+    if [ ! -x "${JAVACMD-}" ] || [ ! -x "${JAVACCMD-}" ]; then
+      echo "The java/javac command does not exist in PATH nor is JAVA_HOME set, so mvnw cannot run." >&2
+      return 1
+    fi
+  fi
+}
+
+# hash string like Java String::hashCode
+hash_string() {
+  str="${1:-}" h=0
+  while [ -n "$str" ]; do
+    char="${str%"${str#?}"}"
+    h=$(((h * 31 + $(LC_CTYPE=C printf %d "'$char")) % 4294967296))
+    str="${str#?}"
+  done
+  printf %x\\n $h
+}
+
+verbose() { :; }
+[ "${MVNW_VERBOSE-}" != true ] || verbose() { printf %s\\n "${1-}"; }
+
+die() {
+  printf %s\\n "$1" >&2
+  exit 1
+}
+
+trim() {
+  # MWRAPPER-139:
+  #   Trims trailing and leading whitespace, carriage returns, tabs, and linefeeds.
+  #   Needed for removing poorly interpreted newline sequences when running in more
+  #   exotic environments such as mingw bash on Windows.
+  printf "%s" "${1}" | tr -d '[:space:]'
+}
+
+scriptDir="$(dirname "$0")"
+scriptName="$(basename "$0")"
+
+# parse distributionUrl and optional distributionSha256Sum, requires .mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
+while IFS="=" read -r key value; do
+  case "${key-}" in
+  distributionUrl) distributionUrl=$(trim "${value-}") ;;
+  distributionSha256Sum) distributionSha256Sum=$(trim "${value-}") ;;
+  esac
+done <"$scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties"
+[ -n "${distributionUrl-}" ] || die "cannot read distributionUrl property in $scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties"
+
+case "${distributionUrl##*/}" in
+maven-mvnd-*bin.*)
+  MVN_CMD=mvnd.sh _MVNW_REPO_PATTERN=/maven/mvnd/
+  case "${PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE-}${PROCESSOR_ARCHITEW6432-}:$(uname -a)" in
+  *AMD64:CYGWIN* | *AMD64:MINGW*) distributionPlatform=windows-amd64 ;;
+  :Darwin*x86_64) distributionPlatform=darwin-amd64 ;;
+  :Darwin*arm64) distributionPlatform=darwin-aarch64 ;;
+  :Linux*x86_64*) distributionPlatform=linux-amd64 ;;
+  *)
+    echo "Cannot detect native platform for mvnd on $(uname)-$(uname -m), use pure java version" >&2
+    distributionPlatform=linux-amd64
+    ;;
+  esac
+  distributionUrl="${distributionUrl%-bin.*}-$distributionPlatform.zip"
+  ;;
+maven-mvnd-*) MVN_CMD=mvnd.sh _MVNW_REPO_PATTERN=/maven/mvnd/ ;;
+*) MVN_CMD="mvn${scriptName#mvnw}" _MVNW_REPO_PATTERN=/org/apache/maven/ ;;
+esac
+
+# apply MVNW_REPOURL and calculate MAVEN_HOME
+# maven home pattern: ~/.m2/wrapper/dists/{apache-maven-<version>,maven-mvnd-<version>-<platform>}/<hash>
+[ -z "${MVNW_REPOURL-}" ] || distributionUrl="$MVNW_REPOURL$_MVNW_REPO_PATTERN${distributionUrl#*"$_MVNW_REPO_PATTERN"}"
+distributionUrlName="${distributionUrl##*/}"
+distributionUrlNameMain="${distributionUrlName%.*}"
+distributionUrlNameMain="${distributionUrlNameMain%-bin}"
+MAVEN_USER_HOME="${MAVEN_USER_HOME:-${HOME}/.m2}"
+MAVEN_HOME="${MAVEN_USER_HOME}/wrapper/dists/${distributionUrlNameMain-}/$(hash_string "$distributionUrl")"
+
+exec_maven() {
+  unset MVNW_VERBOSE MVNW_USERNAME MVNW_PASSWORD MVNW_REPOURL || :
+  exec "$MAVEN_HOME/bin/$MVN_CMD" "$@" || die "cannot exec $MAVEN_HOME/bin/$MVN_CMD"
+}
+
+if [ -d "$MAVEN_HOME" ]; then
+  verbose "found existing MAVEN_HOME at $MAVEN_HOME"
+  exec_maven "$@"
+fi
+
+case "${distributionUrl-}" in
+*?-bin.zip | *?maven-mvnd-?*-?*.zip) ;;
+*) die "distributionUrl is not valid, must match *-bin.zip or maven-mvnd-*.zip, but found '${distributionUrl-}'" ;;
+esac
+
+# prepare tmp dir
+if TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR="$(mktemp -d)" && [ -d "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" ]; then
+  clean() { rm -rf -- "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR"; }
+  trap clean HUP INT TERM EXIT
+else
+  die "cannot create temp dir"
+fi
+
+mkdir -p -- "${MAVEN_HOME%/*}"
+
+# Download and Install Apache Maven
+verbose "Couldn't find MAVEN_HOME, downloading and installing it ..."
+verbose "Downloading from: $distributionUrl"
+verbose "Downloading to: $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName"
+
+# select .zip or .tar.gz
+if ! command -v unzip >/dev/null; then
+  distributionUrl="${distributionUrl%.zip}.tar.gz"
+  distributionUrlName="${distributionUrl##*/}"
+fi
+
+# verbose opt
+__MVNW_QUIET_WGET=--quiet __MVNW_QUIET_CURL=--silent __MVNW_QUIET_UNZIP=-q __MVNW_QUIET_TAR=''
+[ "${MVNW_VERBOSE-}" != true ] || __MVNW_QUIET_WGET='' __MVNW_QUIET_CURL='' __MVNW_QUIET_UNZIP='' __MVNW_QUIET_TAR=v
+
+# normalize http auth
+case "${MVNW_PASSWORD:+has-password}" in
+'') MVNW_USERNAME='' MVNW_PASSWORD='' ;;
+has-password) [ -n "${MVNW_USERNAME-}" ] || MVNW_USERNAME='' MVNW_PASSWORD='' ;;
+esac
+
+if [ -z "${MVNW_USERNAME-}" ] && command -v wget >/dev/null; then
+  verbose "Found wget ... using wget"
+  wget ${__MVNW_QUIET_WGET:+"$__MVNW_QUIET_WGET"} "$distributionUrl" -O "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" || die "wget: Failed to fetch $distributionUrl"
+elif [ -z "${MVNW_USERNAME-}" ] && command -v curl >/dev/null; then
+  verbose "Found curl ... using curl"
+  curl ${__MVNW_QUIET_CURL:+"$__MVNW_QUIET_CURL"} -f -L -o "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" "$distributionUrl" || die "curl: Failed to fetch $distributionUrl"
+elif set_java_home; then
+  verbose "Falling back to use Java to download"
+  javaSource="$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/Downloader.java"
+  targetZip="$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName"
+  cat >"$javaSource" <<-END
+	public class Downloader extends java.net.Authenticator
+	{
+	  protected java.net.PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication()
+	  {
+	    return new java.net.PasswordAuthentication( System.getenv( "MVNW_USERNAME" ), System.getenv( "MVNW_PASSWORD" ).toCharArray() );
+	  }
+	  public static void main( String[] args ) throws Exception
+	  {
+	    setDefault( new Downloader() );
+	    java.nio.file.Files.copy( java.net.URI.create( args[0] ).toURL().openStream(), java.nio.file.Paths.get( args[1] ).toAbsolutePath().normalize() );
+	  }
+	}
+	END
+  # For Cygwin/MinGW, switch paths to Windows format before running javac and java
+  verbose " - Compiling Downloader.java ..."
+  "$(native_path "$JAVACCMD")" "$(native_path "$javaSource")" || die "Failed to compile Downloader.java"
+  verbose " - Running Downloader.java ..."
+  "$(native_path "$JAVACMD")" -cp "$(native_path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR")" Downloader "$distributionUrl" "$(native_path "$targetZip")"
+fi
+
+# If specified, validate the SHA-256 sum of the Maven distribution zip file
+if [ -n "${distributionSha256Sum-}" ]; then
+  distributionSha256Result=false
+  if [ "$MVN_CMD" = mvnd.sh ]; then
+    echo "Checksum validation is not supported for maven-mvnd." >&2
+    echo "Please disable validation by removing 'distributionSha256Sum' from your maven-wrapper.properties." >&2
+    exit 1
+  elif command -v sha256sum >/dev/null; then
+    if echo "$distributionSha256Sum  $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" | sha256sum -c - >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+      distributionSha256Result=true
+    fi
+  elif command -v shasum >/dev/null; then
+    if echo "$distributionSha256Sum  $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" | shasum -a 256 -c >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+      distributionSha256Result=true
+    fi
+  else
+    echo "Checksum validation was requested but neither 'sha256sum' or 'shasum' are available." >&2
+    echo "Please install either command, or disable validation by removing 'distributionSha256Sum' from your maven-wrapper.properties." >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+  if [ $distributionSha256Result = false ]; then
+    echo "Error: Failed to validate Maven distribution SHA-256, your Maven distribution might be compromised." >&2
+    echo "If you updated your Maven version, you need to update the specified distributionSha256Sum property." >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+fi
+
+# unzip and move
+if command -v unzip >/dev/null; then
+  unzip ${__MVNW_QUIET_UNZIP:+"$__MVNW_QUIET_UNZIP"} "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" -d "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" || die "failed to unzip"
+else
+  tar xzf${__MVNW_QUIET_TAR:+"$__MVNW_QUIET_TAR"} "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" -C "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" || die "failed to untar"
+fi
+
+# Find the actual extracted directory name (handles snapshots where filename != directory name)
+actualDistributionDir=""
+
+# First try the expected directory name (for regular distributions)
+if [ -d "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlNameMain" ]; then
+  if [ -f "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlNameMain/bin/$MVN_CMD" ]; then
+    actualDistributionDir="$distributionUrlNameMain"
+  fi
+fi
+
+# If not found, search for any directory with the Maven executable (for snapshots)
+if [ -z "$actualDistributionDir" ]; then
+  # enable globbing to iterate over items
+  set +f
+  for dir in "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR"/*; do
+    if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
+      if [ -f "$dir/bin/$MVN_CMD" ]; then
+        actualDistributionDir="$(basename "$dir")"
+        break
+      fi
+    fi
+  done
+  set -f
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$actualDistributionDir" ]; then
+  verbose "Contents of $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR:"
+  verbose "$(ls -la "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR")"
+  die "Could not find Maven distribution directory in extracted archive"
+fi
+
+verbose "Found extracted Maven distribution directory: $actualDistributionDir"
+printf %s\\n "$distributionUrl" >"$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$actualDistributionDir/mvnw.url"
+mv -- "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$actualDistributionDir" "$MAVEN_HOME" || [ -d "$MAVEN_HOME" ] || die "fail to move MAVEN_HOME"
+
+clean || :
+exec_maven "$@"
diff --git a/microservices/02-api-gateway/mvnw.cmd b/microservices/02-api-gateway/mvnw.cmd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..92450f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/02-api-gateway/mvnw.cmd
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+<# : batch portion
+@REM ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+@REM Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+@REM or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+@REM distributed with this work for additional information
+@REM regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+@REM to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+@REM "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+@REM with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+@REM
+@REM    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+@REM
+@REM Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+@REM software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+@REM "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+@REM KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+@REM specific language governing permissions and limitations
+@REM under the License.
+@REM ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@REM ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+@REM Apache Maven Wrapper startup batch script, version 3.3.4
+@REM
+@REM Optional ENV vars
+@REM   MVNW_REPOURL - repo url base for downloading maven distribution
+@REM   MVNW_USERNAME/MVNW_PASSWORD - user and password for downloading maven
+@REM   MVNW_VERBOSE - true: enable verbose log; others: silence the output
+@REM ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@IF "%__MVNW_ARG0_NAME__%"=="" (SET __MVNW_ARG0_NAME__=%~nx0)
+@SET __MVNW_CMD__=
+@SET __MVNW_ERROR__=
+@SET __MVNW_PSMODULEP_SAVE=%PSModulePath%
+@SET PSModulePath=
+@FOR /F "usebackq tokens=1* delims==" %%A IN (`powershell -noprofile "& {$scriptDir='%~dp0'; $script='%__MVNW_ARG0_NAME__%'; icm -ScriptBlock ([Scriptblock]::Create((Get-Content -Raw '%~f0'))) -NoNewScope}"`) DO @(
+  IF "%%A"=="MVN_CMD" (set __MVNW_CMD__=%%B) ELSE IF "%%B"=="" (echo %%A) ELSE (echo %%A=%%B)
+)
+@SET PSModulePath=%__MVNW_PSMODULEP_SAVE%
+@SET __MVNW_PSMODULEP_SAVE=
+@SET __MVNW_ARG0_NAME__=
+@SET MVNW_USERNAME=
+@SET MVNW_PASSWORD=
+@IF NOT "%__MVNW_CMD__%"=="" ("%__MVNW_CMD__%" %*)
+@echo Cannot start maven from wrapper >&2 && exit /b 1
+@GOTO :EOF
+: end batch / begin powershell #>
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+if ($env:MVNW_VERBOSE -eq "true") {
+  $VerbosePreference = "Continue"
+}
+
+# calculate distributionUrl, requires .mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
+$distributionUrl = (Get-Content -Raw "$scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties" | ConvertFrom-StringData).distributionUrl
+if (!$distributionUrl) {
+  Write-Error "cannot read distributionUrl property in $scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties"
+}
+
+switch -wildcard -casesensitive ( $($distributionUrl -replace '^.*/','') ) {
+  "maven-mvnd-*" {
+    $USE_MVND = $true
+    $distributionUrl = $distributionUrl -replace '-bin\.[^.]*$',"-windows-amd64.zip"
+    $MVN_CMD = "mvnd.cmd"
+    break
+  }
+  default {
+    $USE_MVND = $false
+    $MVN_CMD = $script -replace '^mvnw','mvn'
+    break
+  }
+}
+
+# apply MVNW_REPOURL and calculate MAVEN_HOME
+# maven home pattern: ~/.m2/wrapper/dists/{apache-maven-<version>,maven-mvnd-<version>-<platform>}/<hash>
+if ($env:MVNW_REPOURL) {
+  $MVNW_REPO_PATTERN = if ($USE_MVND -eq $False) { "/org/apache/maven/" } else { "/maven/mvnd/" }
+  $distributionUrl = "$env:MVNW_REPOURL$MVNW_REPO_PATTERN$($distributionUrl -replace "^.*$MVNW_REPO_PATTERN",'')"
+}
+$distributionUrlName = $distributionUrl -replace '^.*/',''
+$distributionUrlNameMain = $distributionUrlName -replace '\.[^.]*$','' -replace '-bin$',''
+
+$MAVEN_M2_PATH = "$HOME/.m2"
+if ($env:MAVEN_USER_HOME) {
+  $MAVEN_M2_PATH = "$env:MAVEN_USER_HOME"
+}
+
+if (-not (Test-Path -Path $MAVEN_M2_PATH)) {
+    New-Item -Path $MAVEN_M2_PATH -ItemType Directory | Out-Null
+}
+
+$MAVEN_WRAPPER_DISTS = $null
+if ((Get-Item $MAVEN_M2_PATH).Target[0] -eq $null) {
+  $MAVEN_WRAPPER_DISTS = "$MAVEN_M2_PATH/wrapper/dists"
+} else {
+  $MAVEN_WRAPPER_DISTS = (Get-Item $MAVEN_M2_PATH).Target[0] + "/wrapper/dists"
+}
+
+$MAVEN_HOME_PARENT = "$MAVEN_WRAPPER_DISTS/$distributionUrlNameMain"
+$MAVEN_HOME_NAME = ([System.Security.Cryptography.SHA256]::Create().ComputeHash([byte[]][char[]]$distributionUrl) | ForEach-Object {$_.ToString("x2")}) -join ''
+$MAVEN_HOME = "$MAVEN_HOME_PARENT/$MAVEN_HOME_NAME"
+
+if (Test-Path -Path "$MAVEN_HOME" -PathType Container) {
+  Write-Verbose "found existing MAVEN_HOME at $MAVEN_HOME"
+  Write-Output "MVN_CMD=$MAVEN_HOME/bin/$MVN_CMD"
+  exit $?
+}
+
+if (! $distributionUrlNameMain -or ($distributionUrlName -eq $distributionUrlNameMain)) {
+  Write-Error "distributionUrl is not valid, must end with *-bin.zip, but found $distributionUrl"
+}
+
+# prepare tmp dir
+$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR_HOLDER = New-TemporaryFile
+$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR = New-Item -Itemtype Directory -Path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR_HOLDER.dir"
+$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR_HOLDER.Delete() | Out-Null
+trap {
+  if ($TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR.Exists) {
+    try { Remove-Item $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR -Recurse -Force | Out-Null }
+    catch { Write-Warning "Cannot remove $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" }
+  }
+}
+
+New-Item -Itemtype Directory -Path "$MAVEN_HOME_PARENT" -Force | Out-Null
+
+# Download and Install Apache Maven
+Write-Verbose "Couldn't find MAVEN_HOME, downloading and installing it ..."
+Write-Verbose "Downloading from: $distributionUrl"
+Write-Verbose "Downloading to: $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName"
+
+$webclient = New-Object System.Net.WebClient
+if ($env:MVNW_USERNAME -and $env:MVNW_PASSWORD) {
+  $webclient.Credentials = New-Object System.Net.NetworkCredential($env:MVNW_USERNAME, $env:MVNW_PASSWORD)
+}
+[Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12
+$webclient.DownloadFile($distributionUrl, "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName") | Out-Null
+
+# If specified, validate the SHA-256 sum of the Maven distribution zip file
+$distributionSha256Sum = (Get-Content -Raw "$scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties" | ConvertFrom-StringData).distributionSha256Sum
+if ($distributionSha256Sum) {
+  if ($USE_MVND) {
+    Write-Error "Checksum validation is not supported for maven-mvnd. `nPlease disable validation by removing 'distributionSha256Sum' from your maven-wrapper.properties."
+  }
+  Import-Module $PSHOME\Modules\Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility -Function Get-FileHash
+  if ((Get-FileHash "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" -Algorithm SHA256).Hash.ToLower() -ne $distributionSha256Sum) {
+    Write-Error "Error: Failed to validate Maven distribution SHA-256, your Maven distribution might be compromised. If you updated your Maven version, you need to update the specified distributionSha256Sum property."
+  }
+}
+
+# unzip and move
+Expand-Archive "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" -DestinationPath "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" | Out-Null
+
+# Find the actual extracted directory name (handles snapshots where filename != directory name)
+$actualDistributionDir = ""
+
+# First try the expected directory name (for regular distributions)
+$expectedPath = Join-Path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" "$distributionUrlNameMain"
+$expectedMvnPath = Join-Path "$expectedPath" "bin/$MVN_CMD"
+if ((Test-Path -Path $expectedPath -PathType Container) -and (Test-Path -Path $expectedMvnPath -PathType Leaf)) {
+  $actualDistributionDir = $distributionUrlNameMain
+}
+
+# If not found, search for any directory with the Maven executable (for snapshots)
+if (!$actualDistributionDir) {
+  Get-ChildItem -Path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" -Directory | ForEach-Object {
+    $testPath = Join-Path $_.FullName "bin/$MVN_CMD"
+    if (Test-Path -Path $testPath -PathType Leaf) {
+      $actualDistributionDir = $_.Name
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+if (!$actualDistributionDir) {
+  Write-Error "Could not find Maven distribution directory in extracted archive"
+}
+
+Write-Verbose "Found extracted Maven distribution directory: $actualDistributionDir"
+Rename-Item -Path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$actualDistributionDir" -NewName $MAVEN_HOME_NAME | Out-Null
+try {
+  Move-Item -Path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$MAVEN_HOME_NAME" -Destination $MAVEN_HOME_PARENT | Out-Null
+} catch {
+  if (! (Test-Path -Path "$MAVEN_HOME" -PathType Container)) {
+    Write-Error "fail to move MAVEN_HOME"
+  }
+} finally {
+  try { Remove-Item $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR -Recurse -Force | Out-Null }
+  catch { Write-Warning "Cannot remove $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" }
+}
+
+Write-Output "MVN_CMD=$MAVEN_HOME/bin/$MVN_CMD"
diff --git a/microservices/02-api-gateway/pom.xml b/microservices/02-api-gateway/pom.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5757e6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/02-api-gateway/pom.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+	<parent>
+		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
+		<version>4.1.0</version>
+		<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
+	</parent>
+	<groupId>com.example</groupId>
+	<artifactId>api-gateway</artifactId>
+	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
+	<name />
+	<description />
+	<url />
+	<licenses>
+		<license />
+	</licenses>
+	<developers>
+		<developer />
+	</developers>
+	<scm>
+		<connection />
+		<developerConnection />
+		<tag />
+		<url />
+	</scm>
+	<properties>
+		<java.version>25</java.version>
+		<spring-cloud.version>2025.1.2</spring-cloud.version>
+	</properties>
+	<dependencies>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security-oauth2-client</artifactId>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway-server-webflux</artifactId>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>com.c4-soft.springaddons</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-addons-starter-oidc</artifactId>
+			<version>9.1.4</version>
+		</dependency>
+
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
+			<scope>runtime</scope>
+			<optional>true</optional>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf-test</artifactId>
+			<scope>test</scope>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security-oauth2-client-test</artifactId>
+			<scope>test</scope>
+		</dependency>
+	</dependencies>
+	<dependencyManagement>
+		<dependencies>
+			<dependency>
+				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
+				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
+				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
+				<type>pom</type>
+				<scope>import</scope>
+			</dependency>
+		</dependencies>
+	</dependencyManagement>
+
+	<build>
+		<plugins>
+			<plugin>
+				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+			</plugin>
+		</plugins>
+	</build>
+
+</project>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/java/com/example/apigateway/ApiGatewayApplication.java b/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/java/com/example/apigateway/ApiGatewayApplication.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bdf050a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/java/com/example/apigateway/ApiGatewayApplication.java
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package com.example.apigateway;
+
+import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
+import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
+
+@SpringBootApplication
+public class ApiGatewayApplication {
+
+	public static void main(String[] args) {
+		SpringApplication.run(ApiGatewayApplication.class, args);
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/java/com/example/apigateway/config/RoleHeaderRelayFilter.java b/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/java/com/example/apigateway/config/RoleHeaderRelayFilter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3bb241
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/java/com/example/apigateway/config/RoleHeaderRelayFilter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+package com.example.apigateway.config;
+
+import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
+import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
+import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
+import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;
+import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
+import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
+import org.springframework.security.core.context.ReactiveSecurityContextHolder;
+import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContext;
+import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.user.OAuth2User;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
+import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
+import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
+
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+/**
+ * Once the roles are part of the Gateway's session principal, you often need to
+ * forward them down to your resource microservices. You can do this by creating
+ * a GlobalFilter that reads the authenticated roles and places them into custom
+ * HTTP headers.
+ * 
+ * RoleHeaderRelayFilter
+ */
+@Component
+public class RoleHeaderRelayFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
+
+    @Override
+    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
+        return ReactiveSecurityContextHolder.getContext()
+                .map(SecurityContext::getAuthentication)
+                .flatMap(authentication -> {
+                    if (authentication != null && authentication.getPrincipal() instanceof OAuth2User) {
+                        OAuth2User oAuth2User = (OAuth2User) authentication.getPrincipal();
+                        
+                        // Extract username (adjust the attribute key based on your IdP provider)
+                        String username = oAuth2User.getAttribute("preferred_username");
+                        if (username == null) {
+                            username = oAuth2User.getName(); 
+                        }
+
+                        // Extract roles/authorities
+                        String roles = oAuth2User.getAuthorities().stream()
+                                .map(grantedAuthority -> grantedAuthority.getAuthority())
+                                .collect(Collectors.joining(","));
+
+                        // Mutate the request with new headers
+                        ServerHttpRequest mutatedRequest = exchange.getRequest().mutate()
+                                .header("X-User-Roles", roles)
+                                .header("X-User-Name", username) // Changed 'U-User-Name' to standard 'X-' format for consistency, or use your exact key
+                                .build();
+
+                        // Proceed with the mutated exchange
+                        return chain.filter(exchange.mutate().request(mutatedRequest).build());
+                    }
+                    
+                    // If not authenticated via OAuth2User, just pass through
+                    return chain.filter(exchange);
+                })
+                .switchIfEmpty(chain.filter(exchange)); // Handle cases where SecurityContext is empty
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getOrder() {
+        // Run after the Security Web Filter loads the context, but before routing
+        return Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE - 1; 
+    }
+}
diff --git a/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/java/com/example/apigateway/config/SecurityConfig.java b/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/java/com/example/apigateway/config/SecurityConfig.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c503032
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/java/com/example/apigateway/config/SecurityConfig.java
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+package com.example.apigateway.config;
+
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
+import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.reactive.EnableWebFluxSecurity;
+import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
+import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
+import org.springframework.security.core.authority.mapping.GrantedAuthoritiesMapper;
+import org.springframework.security.oauth2.client.oidc.userinfo.OidcReactiveOAuth2UserService;
+import org.springframework.security.oauth2.client.oidc.userinfo.OidcUserRequest;
+import org.springframework.security.oauth2.client.registration.ClientRegistration.ProviderDetails;
+import org.springframework.security.oauth2.client.userinfo.ReactiveOAuth2UserService;
+import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.OAuth2AccessToken;
+import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.oidc.OidcIdToken;
+import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.oidc.OidcUserInfo;
+import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.oidc.user.DefaultOidcUser;
+import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.oidc.user.OidcUser;
+import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.oidc.user.OidcUserAuthority;
+import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.user.DefaultOAuth2User;
+import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.user.OAuth2UserAuthority;
+import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
+import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.WebClient;
+
+import com.example.apigateway.security.dto.UserResonseDto;
+
+import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
+
+/**
+ * Ref:
+ * https://docs.spring.io/spring-security/reference/reactive/oauth2/login/advanced.html
+ */
+@Configuration
+@EnableWebFluxSecurity
+public class SecurityConfig {
+
+    private final WebClient webClient = WebClient.create(); // WebClient configured to point to your backend service
+
+    @Value("${app.userRolesUrl}")
+    private String userRolesUrl;
+
+    @Bean
+    public ReactiveOAuth2UserService<OidcUserRequest, OidcUser> oidcUserService() {
+        final OidcReactiveOAuth2UserService delegate = new OidcReactiveOAuth2UserService();
+
+        return (userRequest) -> {
+            // Delegate to the default implementation for loading a user
+            return delegate.loadUser(userRequest)
+                    .flatMap((oidcUser) -> {
+                        String username = oidcUser.getAttribute("sub");
+
+                        return fetchRolesFromBackend(username)
+                                .map(roles -> {
+                                    Set<GrantedAuthority> authorities = roles.stream()
+                                            .map(role -> new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_" + role.toUpperCase()))
+                                            .collect(Collectors.toSet());
+
+                                    // Keep original identity scopes if needed
+                                    authorities.addAll(oidcUser.getAuthorities());
+
+                                    ProviderDetails providerDetails = userRequest.getClientRegistration()
+                                            .getProviderDetails();
+                                    String userNameAttributeName = providerDetails.getUserInfoEndpoint()
+                                            .getUserNameAttributeName();
+                                    if (StringUtils.hasText(userNameAttributeName)) {
+                                        return new DefaultOidcUser(authorities, oidcUser.getIdToken(),
+                                                oidcUser.getUserInfo(), userNameAttributeName);
+                                    } else {
+                                        return new DefaultOidcUser(authorities, oidcUser.getIdToken(),
+                                                oidcUser.getUserInfo());
+                                    }
+                                });
+                    });
+        };
+    }
+
+    private Mono<List<String>> fetchRolesFromBackend(String username) {
+        Mono<List<String>> response = this.webClient.get()
+                .uri(userRolesUrl, username)
+                .retrieve()
+                .bodyToMono(UserResonseDto.class)
+                .map(UserResonseDto::getRoles)
+                .onErrorReturn(List.of("")); // Can return a String indicating a fallback role on backend failure
+
+        return response;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/java/com/example/apigateway/security/controllers/UserRestController.java b/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/java/com/example/apigateway/security/controllers/UserRestController.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d6581c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/java/com/example/apigateway/security/controllers/UserRestController.java
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package com.example.apigateway.security.controllers;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+import org.springframework.security.core.annotation.AuthenticationPrincipal;
+import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.user.OAuth2User;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
+
+import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
+
+@RestController
+public class UserRestController {
+
+    @GetMapping("/api/security/me")
+    public Mono<Map<String, Object>> getLoggedInUser(@AuthenticationPrincipal OAuth2User principal) {
+        if (principal == null) {
+            return Mono.just(Map.of());
+        }
+
+        // Filter roles starting with "ROLE_"
+        List<String> roles = principal.getAuthorities().stream()
+                .map(grantedAuthority -> grantedAuthority.getAuthority())
+                .filter(authority -> authority.startsWith("ROLE_"))
+                .map(s -> s.substring(5)) // Cut ROLE_ part
+                .collect(Collectors.toList());
+
+        return Mono.just(Map.of(
+                "username", principal.getAttribute("sub"),
+                // "name", principal.getName(),
+                // "email", principal.getEmail(),
+                "roles", roles));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/java/com/example/apigateway/security/dto/UserResonseDto.java b/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/java/com/example/apigateway/security/dto/UserResonseDto.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d553d9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/java/com/example/apigateway/security/dto/UserResonseDto.java
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package com.example.apigateway.security.dto;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+public class UserResonseDto {
+    private List<String> roles;
+
+    // Getters and Setters
+    public List<String> getRoles() {
+        return roles;
+    }
+
+    public void setRoles(List<String> roles) {
+        this.roles = roles;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/resources/application.yaml b/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/resources/application.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b444233
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/main/resources/application.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+server:
+  port: 8050
+  address: 127.0.0.1
+
+app:
+  userRolesUrl: "http://localhost:8052/myservices/api/security/users/{username}/roles"
+
+# logging:
+#   level:
+#     org.springframework.security: trace
+
+spring:
+  application:
+    name: api-gateway
+
+  cloud:
+    gateway:
+      server:
+        webflux:
+          globalcors:
+            cors-configurations:
+              '[/**]':
+                allowedOrigins:
+                  - "http://localhost:5173"
+                allowedMethods: "*"
+                allowedHeaders: "*"
+                allowCredentials: true
+          routes:
+            # Frontend tries to access this URL when the login link is clicked.
+            # If user is not logged in, user will be redirected to OAuth2 server.
+            # If logged in, frontend will be reloaded.
+            - id: frontend
+              uri: no://op # CRITICAL: Prevents forwarding to a backend server
+              predicates:
+                - Path=/ui
+              filters:
+                - RedirectTo=302, http://localhost:5173/
+            # Forward requests to backend service (OAuth2 resource server)
+            - id: backend-service
+              uri: http://localhost:8052
+              predicates:
+                - Path=/api/**
+              filters:
+                # 1. ALWAYS strip incoming spoof headers from the public web first
+                - RemoveRequestHeader=X-User-Id
+                - RemoveRequestHeader=X-User-Name
+                - RemoveRequestHeader=X-User-Roles
+                - RemoveRequestHeader=Authorization
+                - PrefixPath=/myservices
+                - TokenRelay # Add oauth (or jwt) token to request header before forwarding
+
+  security:
+    oauth2:
+      client:
+        provider:
+          platform-auth-server:
+            issuer-uri: http://127.0.0.1:8051
+        registration:
+          api-gateway:
+            provider: platform-auth-server
+            client-id: api-gateway
+            client-secret: "apiGatewayPassword1234"
+            client-authentication-method: client_secret_basic
+            authorization-grant-type: authorization_code
+            redirect-uri: http://localhost:5173/bff/login/oauth2/code/api-gateway
+            scope:
+              - openid
+              - profile
+com:
+  c4-soft:
+    springaddons:
+      oidc:
+        ops:
+          - iss: http://127.0.0.1:8051
+        client:
+          client-uri: http://localhost:5173
+          login-uri: /bff/oauth2/authorization/api-gateway
+          security-matchers:
+            - /**
+          permit-all:
+            - /login/**
+            - /oauth2/**
+            - /
+            - /api/**
+          csrf: cookie-accessible-from-js
+          oauth2-redirections:
+            rp-initiated-logout: ACCEPTED
+          post-logout-redirect-host: http://localhost:5173
+          post-logout-redirect-path: /
diff --git a/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/test/java/com/example/apigateway/ApiGatewayApplicationTests.java b/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/test/java/com/example/apigateway/ApiGatewayApplicationTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a7cdc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/02-api-gateway/src/test/java/com/example/apigateway/ApiGatewayApplicationTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package com.example.apigateway;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
+
+@SpringBootTest
+class ApiGatewayApplicationTests {
+
+	@Test
+	void contextLoads() {
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/.gitattributes b/microservices/03-resource-server/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b41682
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+/mvnw text eol=lf
+*.cmd text eol=crlf
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/.gitignore b/microservices/03-resource-server/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..667aaef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+HELP.md
+target/
+.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.jar
+!**/src/main/**/target/
+!**/src/test/**/target/
+
+### STS ###
+.apt_generated
+.classpath
+.factorypath
+.project
+.settings
+.springBeans
+.sts4-cache
+
+### IntelliJ IDEA ###
+.idea
+*.iws
+*.iml
+*.ipr
+
+### NetBeans ###
+/nbproject/private/
+/nbbuild/
+/dist/
+/nbdist/
+/.nb-gradle/
+build/
+!**/src/main/**/build/
+!**/src/test/**/build/
+
+### VS Code ###
+.vscode/
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties b/microservices/03-resource-server/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..216df05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+wrapperVersion=3.3.4
+distributionType=only-script
+distributionUrl=https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/apache-maven/3.9.16/apache-maven-3.9.16-bin.zip
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/mvnw b/microservices/03-resource-server/mvnw
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..bd8896b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/mvnw
@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Apache Maven Wrapper startup batch script, version 3.3.4
+#
+# Optional ENV vars
+# -----------------
+#   JAVA_HOME - location of a JDK home dir, required when download maven via java source
+#   MVNW_REPOURL - repo url base for downloading maven distribution
+#   MVNW_USERNAME/MVNW_PASSWORD - user and password for downloading maven
+#   MVNW_VERBOSE - true: enable verbose log; debug: trace the mvnw script; others: silence the output
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+set -euf
+[ "${MVNW_VERBOSE-}" != debug ] || set -x
+
+# OS specific support.
+native_path() { printf %s\\n "$1"; }
+case "$(uname)" in
+CYGWIN* | MINGW*)
+  [ -z "${JAVA_HOME-}" ] || JAVA_HOME="$(cygpath --unix "$JAVA_HOME")"
+  native_path() { cygpath --path --windows "$1"; }
+  ;;
+esac
+
+# set JAVACMD and JAVACCMD
+set_java_home() {
+  # For Cygwin and MinGW, ensure paths are in Unix format before anything is touched
+  if [ -n "${JAVA_HOME-}" ]; then
+    if [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java" ]; then
+      # IBM's JDK on AIX uses strange locations for the executables
+      JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java"
+      JAVACCMD="$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/javac"
+    else
+      JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/bin/java"
+      JAVACCMD="$JAVA_HOME/bin/javac"
+
+      if [ ! -x "$JAVACMD" ] || [ ! -x "$JAVACCMD" ]; then
+        echo "The JAVA_HOME environment variable is not defined correctly, so mvnw cannot run." >&2
+        echo "JAVA_HOME is set to \"$JAVA_HOME\", but \"\$JAVA_HOME/bin/java\" or \"\$JAVA_HOME/bin/javac\" does not exist." >&2
+        return 1
+      fi
+    fi
+  else
+    JAVACMD="$(
+      'set' +e
+      'unset' -f command 2>/dev/null
+      'command' -v java
+    )" || :
+    JAVACCMD="$(
+      'set' +e
+      'unset' -f command 2>/dev/null
+      'command' -v javac
+    )" || :
+
+    if [ ! -x "${JAVACMD-}" ] || [ ! -x "${JAVACCMD-}" ]; then
+      echo "The java/javac command does not exist in PATH nor is JAVA_HOME set, so mvnw cannot run." >&2
+      return 1
+    fi
+  fi
+}
+
+# hash string like Java String::hashCode
+hash_string() {
+  str="${1:-}" h=0
+  while [ -n "$str" ]; do
+    char="${str%"${str#?}"}"
+    h=$(((h * 31 + $(LC_CTYPE=C printf %d "'$char")) % 4294967296))
+    str="${str#?}"
+  done
+  printf %x\\n $h
+}
+
+verbose() { :; }
+[ "${MVNW_VERBOSE-}" != true ] || verbose() { printf %s\\n "${1-}"; }
+
+die() {
+  printf %s\\n "$1" >&2
+  exit 1
+}
+
+trim() {
+  # MWRAPPER-139:
+  #   Trims trailing and leading whitespace, carriage returns, tabs, and linefeeds.
+  #   Needed for removing poorly interpreted newline sequences when running in more
+  #   exotic environments such as mingw bash on Windows.
+  printf "%s" "${1}" | tr -d '[:space:]'
+}
+
+scriptDir="$(dirname "$0")"
+scriptName="$(basename "$0")"
+
+# parse distributionUrl and optional distributionSha256Sum, requires .mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
+while IFS="=" read -r key value; do
+  case "${key-}" in
+  distributionUrl) distributionUrl=$(trim "${value-}") ;;
+  distributionSha256Sum) distributionSha256Sum=$(trim "${value-}") ;;
+  esac
+done <"$scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties"
+[ -n "${distributionUrl-}" ] || die "cannot read distributionUrl property in $scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties"
+
+case "${distributionUrl##*/}" in
+maven-mvnd-*bin.*)
+  MVN_CMD=mvnd.sh _MVNW_REPO_PATTERN=/maven/mvnd/
+  case "${PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE-}${PROCESSOR_ARCHITEW6432-}:$(uname -a)" in
+  *AMD64:CYGWIN* | *AMD64:MINGW*) distributionPlatform=windows-amd64 ;;
+  :Darwin*x86_64) distributionPlatform=darwin-amd64 ;;
+  :Darwin*arm64) distributionPlatform=darwin-aarch64 ;;
+  :Linux*x86_64*) distributionPlatform=linux-amd64 ;;
+  *)
+    echo "Cannot detect native platform for mvnd on $(uname)-$(uname -m), use pure java version" >&2
+    distributionPlatform=linux-amd64
+    ;;
+  esac
+  distributionUrl="${distributionUrl%-bin.*}-$distributionPlatform.zip"
+  ;;
+maven-mvnd-*) MVN_CMD=mvnd.sh _MVNW_REPO_PATTERN=/maven/mvnd/ ;;
+*) MVN_CMD="mvn${scriptName#mvnw}" _MVNW_REPO_PATTERN=/org/apache/maven/ ;;
+esac
+
+# apply MVNW_REPOURL and calculate MAVEN_HOME
+# maven home pattern: ~/.m2/wrapper/dists/{apache-maven-<version>,maven-mvnd-<version>-<platform>}/<hash>
+[ -z "${MVNW_REPOURL-}" ] || distributionUrl="$MVNW_REPOURL$_MVNW_REPO_PATTERN${distributionUrl#*"$_MVNW_REPO_PATTERN"}"
+distributionUrlName="${distributionUrl##*/}"
+distributionUrlNameMain="${distributionUrlName%.*}"
+distributionUrlNameMain="${distributionUrlNameMain%-bin}"
+MAVEN_USER_HOME="${MAVEN_USER_HOME:-${HOME}/.m2}"
+MAVEN_HOME="${MAVEN_USER_HOME}/wrapper/dists/${distributionUrlNameMain-}/$(hash_string "$distributionUrl")"
+
+exec_maven() {
+  unset MVNW_VERBOSE MVNW_USERNAME MVNW_PASSWORD MVNW_REPOURL || :
+  exec "$MAVEN_HOME/bin/$MVN_CMD" "$@" || die "cannot exec $MAVEN_HOME/bin/$MVN_CMD"
+}
+
+if [ -d "$MAVEN_HOME" ]; then
+  verbose "found existing MAVEN_HOME at $MAVEN_HOME"
+  exec_maven "$@"
+fi
+
+case "${distributionUrl-}" in
+*?-bin.zip | *?maven-mvnd-?*-?*.zip) ;;
+*) die "distributionUrl is not valid, must match *-bin.zip or maven-mvnd-*.zip, but found '${distributionUrl-}'" ;;
+esac
+
+# prepare tmp dir
+if TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR="$(mktemp -d)" && [ -d "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" ]; then
+  clean() { rm -rf -- "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR"; }
+  trap clean HUP INT TERM EXIT
+else
+  die "cannot create temp dir"
+fi
+
+mkdir -p -- "${MAVEN_HOME%/*}"
+
+# Download and Install Apache Maven
+verbose "Couldn't find MAVEN_HOME, downloading and installing it ..."
+verbose "Downloading from: $distributionUrl"
+verbose "Downloading to: $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName"
+
+# select .zip or .tar.gz
+if ! command -v unzip >/dev/null; then
+  distributionUrl="${distributionUrl%.zip}.tar.gz"
+  distributionUrlName="${distributionUrl##*/}"
+fi
+
+# verbose opt
+__MVNW_QUIET_WGET=--quiet __MVNW_QUIET_CURL=--silent __MVNW_QUIET_UNZIP=-q __MVNW_QUIET_TAR=''
+[ "${MVNW_VERBOSE-}" != true ] || __MVNW_QUIET_WGET='' __MVNW_QUIET_CURL='' __MVNW_QUIET_UNZIP='' __MVNW_QUIET_TAR=v
+
+# normalize http auth
+case "${MVNW_PASSWORD:+has-password}" in
+'') MVNW_USERNAME='' MVNW_PASSWORD='' ;;
+has-password) [ -n "${MVNW_USERNAME-}" ] || MVNW_USERNAME='' MVNW_PASSWORD='' ;;
+esac
+
+if [ -z "${MVNW_USERNAME-}" ] && command -v wget >/dev/null; then
+  verbose "Found wget ... using wget"
+  wget ${__MVNW_QUIET_WGET:+"$__MVNW_QUIET_WGET"} "$distributionUrl" -O "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" || die "wget: Failed to fetch $distributionUrl"
+elif [ -z "${MVNW_USERNAME-}" ] && command -v curl >/dev/null; then
+  verbose "Found curl ... using curl"
+  curl ${__MVNW_QUIET_CURL:+"$__MVNW_QUIET_CURL"} -f -L -o "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" "$distributionUrl" || die "curl: Failed to fetch $distributionUrl"
+elif set_java_home; then
+  verbose "Falling back to use Java to download"
+  javaSource="$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/Downloader.java"
+  targetZip="$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName"
+  cat >"$javaSource" <<-END
+	public class Downloader extends java.net.Authenticator
+	{
+	  protected java.net.PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication()
+	  {
+	    return new java.net.PasswordAuthentication( System.getenv( "MVNW_USERNAME" ), System.getenv( "MVNW_PASSWORD" ).toCharArray() );
+	  }
+	  public static void main( String[] args ) throws Exception
+	  {
+	    setDefault( new Downloader() );
+	    java.nio.file.Files.copy( java.net.URI.create( args[0] ).toURL().openStream(), java.nio.file.Paths.get( args[1] ).toAbsolutePath().normalize() );
+	  }
+	}
+	END
+  # For Cygwin/MinGW, switch paths to Windows format before running javac and java
+  verbose " - Compiling Downloader.java ..."
+  "$(native_path "$JAVACCMD")" "$(native_path "$javaSource")" || die "Failed to compile Downloader.java"
+  verbose " - Running Downloader.java ..."
+  "$(native_path "$JAVACMD")" -cp "$(native_path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR")" Downloader "$distributionUrl" "$(native_path "$targetZip")"
+fi
+
+# If specified, validate the SHA-256 sum of the Maven distribution zip file
+if [ -n "${distributionSha256Sum-}" ]; then
+  distributionSha256Result=false
+  if [ "$MVN_CMD" = mvnd.sh ]; then
+    echo "Checksum validation is not supported for maven-mvnd." >&2
+    echo "Please disable validation by removing 'distributionSha256Sum' from your maven-wrapper.properties." >&2
+    exit 1
+  elif command -v sha256sum >/dev/null; then
+    if echo "$distributionSha256Sum  $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" | sha256sum -c - >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+      distributionSha256Result=true
+    fi
+  elif command -v shasum >/dev/null; then
+    if echo "$distributionSha256Sum  $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" | shasum -a 256 -c >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+      distributionSha256Result=true
+    fi
+  else
+    echo "Checksum validation was requested but neither 'sha256sum' or 'shasum' are available." >&2
+    echo "Please install either command, or disable validation by removing 'distributionSha256Sum' from your maven-wrapper.properties." >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+  if [ $distributionSha256Result = false ]; then
+    echo "Error: Failed to validate Maven distribution SHA-256, your Maven distribution might be compromised." >&2
+    echo "If you updated your Maven version, you need to update the specified distributionSha256Sum property." >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+fi
+
+# unzip and move
+if command -v unzip >/dev/null; then
+  unzip ${__MVNW_QUIET_UNZIP:+"$__MVNW_QUIET_UNZIP"} "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" -d "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" || die "failed to unzip"
+else
+  tar xzf${__MVNW_QUIET_TAR:+"$__MVNW_QUIET_TAR"} "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" -C "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" || die "failed to untar"
+fi
+
+# Find the actual extracted directory name (handles snapshots where filename != directory name)
+actualDistributionDir=""
+
+# First try the expected directory name (for regular distributions)
+if [ -d "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlNameMain" ]; then
+  if [ -f "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlNameMain/bin/$MVN_CMD" ]; then
+    actualDistributionDir="$distributionUrlNameMain"
+  fi
+fi
+
+# If not found, search for any directory with the Maven executable (for snapshots)
+if [ -z "$actualDistributionDir" ]; then
+  # enable globbing to iterate over items
+  set +f
+  for dir in "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR"/*; do
+    if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
+      if [ -f "$dir/bin/$MVN_CMD" ]; then
+        actualDistributionDir="$(basename "$dir")"
+        break
+      fi
+    fi
+  done
+  set -f
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$actualDistributionDir" ]; then
+  verbose "Contents of $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR:"
+  verbose "$(ls -la "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR")"
+  die "Could not find Maven distribution directory in extracted archive"
+fi
+
+verbose "Found extracted Maven distribution directory: $actualDistributionDir"
+printf %s\\n "$distributionUrl" >"$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$actualDistributionDir/mvnw.url"
+mv -- "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$actualDistributionDir" "$MAVEN_HOME" || [ -d "$MAVEN_HOME" ] || die "fail to move MAVEN_HOME"
+
+clean || :
+exec_maven "$@"
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/mvnw.cmd b/microservices/03-resource-server/mvnw.cmd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..92450f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/mvnw.cmd
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+<# : batch portion
+@REM ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+@REM Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+@REM or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+@REM distributed with this work for additional information
+@REM regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+@REM to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+@REM "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+@REM with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+@REM
+@REM    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+@REM
+@REM Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+@REM software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+@REM "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+@REM KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+@REM specific language governing permissions and limitations
+@REM under the License.
+@REM ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@REM ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+@REM Apache Maven Wrapper startup batch script, version 3.3.4
+@REM
+@REM Optional ENV vars
+@REM   MVNW_REPOURL - repo url base for downloading maven distribution
+@REM   MVNW_USERNAME/MVNW_PASSWORD - user and password for downloading maven
+@REM   MVNW_VERBOSE - true: enable verbose log; others: silence the output
+@REM ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@IF "%__MVNW_ARG0_NAME__%"=="" (SET __MVNW_ARG0_NAME__=%~nx0)
+@SET __MVNW_CMD__=
+@SET __MVNW_ERROR__=
+@SET __MVNW_PSMODULEP_SAVE=%PSModulePath%
+@SET PSModulePath=
+@FOR /F "usebackq tokens=1* delims==" %%A IN (`powershell -noprofile "& {$scriptDir='%~dp0'; $script='%__MVNW_ARG0_NAME__%'; icm -ScriptBlock ([Scriptblock]::Create((Get-Content -Raw '%~f0'))) -NoNewScope}"`) DO @(
+  IF "%%A"=="MVN_CMD" (set __MVNW_CMD__=%%B) ELSE IF "%%B"=="" (echo %%A) ELSE (echo %%A=%%B)
+)
+@SET PSModulePath=%__MVNW_PSMODULEP_SAVE%
+@SET __MVNW_PSMODULEP_SAVE=
+@SET __MVNW_ARG0_NAME__=
+@SET MVNW_USERNAME=
+@SET MVNW_PASSWORD=
+@IF NOT "%__MVNW_CMD__%"=="" ("%__MVNW_CMD__%" %*)
+@echo Cannot start maven from wrapper >&2 && exit /b 1
+@GOTO :EOF
+: end batch / begin powershell #>
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+if ($env:MVNW_VERBOSE -eq "true") {
+  $VerbosePreference = "Continue"
+}
+
+# calculate distributionUrl, requires .mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
+$distributionUrl = (Get-Content -Raw "$scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties" | ConvertFrom-StringData).distributionUrl
+if (!$distributionUrl) {
+  Write-Error "cannot read distributionUrl property in $scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties"
+}
+
+switch -wildcard -casesensitive ( $($distributionUrl -replace '^.*/','') ) {
+  "maven-mvnd-*" {
+    $USE_MVND = $true
+    $distributionUrl = $distributionUrl -replace '-bin\.[^.]*$',"-windows-amd64.zip"
+    $MVN_CMD = "mvnd.cmd"
+    break
+  }
+  default {
+    $USE_MVND = $false
+    $MVN_CMD = $script -replace '^mvnw','mvn'
+    break
+  }
+}
+
+# apply MVNW_REPOURL and calculate MAVEN_HOME
+# maven home pattern: ~/.m2/wrapper/dists/{apache-maven-<version>,maven-mvnd-<version>-<platform>}/<hash>
+if ($env:MVNW_REPOURL) {
+  $MVNW_REPO_PATTERN = if ($USE_MVND -eq $False) { "/org/apache/maven/" } else { "/maven/mvnd/" }
+  $distributionUrl = "$env:MVNW_REPOURL$MVNW_REPO_PATTERN$($distributionUrl -replace "^.*$MVNW_REPO_PATTERN",'')"
+}
+$distributionUrlName = $distributionUrl -replace '^.*/',''
+$distributionUrlNameMain = $distributionUrlName -replace '\.[^.]*$','' -replace '-bin$',''
+
+$MAVEN_M2_PATH = "$HOME/.m2"
+if ($env:MAVEN_USER_HOME) {
+  $MAVEN_M2_PATH = "$env:MAVEN_USER_HOME"
+}
+
+if (-not (Test-Path -Path $MAVEN_M2_PATH)) {
+    New-Item -Path $MAVEN_M2_PATH -ItemType Directory | Out-Null
+}
+
+$MAVEN_WRAPPER_DISTS = $null
+if ((Get-Item $MAVEN_M2_PATH).Target[0] -eq $null) {
+  $MAVEN_WRAPPER_DISTS = "$MAVEN_M2_PATH/wrapper/dists"
+} else {
+  $MAVEN_WRAPPER_DISTS = (Get-Item $MAVEN_M2_PATH).Target[0] + "/wrapper/dists"
+}
+
+$MAVEN_HOME_PARENT = "$MAVEN_WRAPPER_DISTS/$distributionUrlNameMain"
+$MAVEN_HOME_NAME = ([System.Security.Cryptography.SHA256]::Create().ComputeHash([byte[]][char[]]$distributionUrl) | ForEach-Object {$_.ToString("x2")}) -join ''
+$MAVEN_HOME = "$MAVEN_HOME_PARENT/$MAVEN_HOME_NAME"
+
+if (Test-Path -Path "$MAVEN_HOME" -PathType Container) {
+  Write-Verbose "found existing MAVEN_HOME at $MAVEN_HOME"
+  Write-Output "MVN_CMD=$MAVEN_HOME/bin/$MVN_CMD"
+  exit $?
+}
+
+if (! $distributionUrlNameMain -or ($distributionUrlName -eq $distributionUrlNameMain)) {
+  Write-Error "distributionUrl is not valid, must end with *-bin.zip, but found $distributionUrl"
+}
+
+# prepare tmp dir
+$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR_HOLDER = New-TemporaryFile
+$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR = New-Item -Itemtype Directory -Path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR_HOLDER.dir"
+$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR_HOLDER.Delete() | Out-Null
+trap {
+  if ($TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR.Exists) {
+    try { Remove-Item $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR -Recurse -Force | Out-Null }
+    catch { Write-Warning "Cannot remove $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" }
+  }
+}
+
+New-Item -Itemtype Directory -Path "$MAVEN_HOME_PARENT" -Force | Out-Null
+
+# Download and Install Apache Maven
+Write-Verbose "Couldn't find MAVEN_HOME, downloading and installing it ..."
+Write-Verbose "Downloading from: $distributionUrl"
+Write-Verbose "Downloading to: $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName"
+
+$webclient = New-Object System.Net.WebClient
+if ($env:MVNW_USERNAME -and $env:MVNW_PASSWORD) {
+  $webclient.Credentials = New-Object System.Net.NetworkCredential($env:MVNW_USERNAME, $env:MVNW_PASSWORD)
+}
+[Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12
+$webclient.DownloadFile($distributionUrl, "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName") | Out-Null
+
+# If specified, validate the SHA-256 sum of the Maven distribution zip file
+$distributionSha256Sum = (Get-Content -Raw "$scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties" | ConvertFrom-StringData).distributionSha256Sum
+if ($distributionSha256Sum) {
+  if ($USE_MVND) {
+    Write-Error "Checksum validation is not supported for maven-mvnd. `nPlease disable validation by removing 'distributionSha256Sum' from your maven-wrapper.properties."
+  }
+  Import-Module $PSHOME\Modules\Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility -Function Get-FileHash
+  if ((Get-FileHash "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" -Algorithm SHA256).Hash.ToLower() -ne $distributionSha256Sum) {
+    Write-Error "Error: Failed to validate Maven distribution SHA-256, your Maven distribution might be compromised. If you updated your Maven version, you need to update the specified distributionSha256Sum property."
+  }
+}
+
+# unzip and move
+Expand-Archive "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" -DestinationPath "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" | Out-Null
+
+# Find the actual extracted directory name (handles snapshots where filename != directory name)
+$actualDistributionDir = ""
+
+# First try the expected directory name (for regular distributions)
+$expectedPath = Join-Path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" "$distributionUrlNameMain"
+$expectedMvnPath = Join-Path "$expectedPath" "bin/$MVN_CMD"
+if ((Test-Path -Path $expectedPath -PathType Container) -and (Test-Path -Path $expectedMvnPath -PathType Leaf)) {
+  $actualDistributionDir = $distributionUrlNameMain
+}
+
+# If not found, search for any directory with the Maven executable (for snapshots)
+if (!$actualDistributionDir) {
+  Get-ChildItem -Path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" -Directory | ForEach-Object {
+    $testPath = Join-Path $_.FullName "bin/$MVN_CMD"
+    if (Test-Path -Path $testPath -PathType Leaf) {
+      $actualDistributionDir = $_.Name
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+if (!$actualDistributionDir) {
+  Write-Error "Could not find Maven distribution directory in extracted archive"
+}
+
+Write-Verbose "Found extracted Maven distribution directory: $actualDistributionDir"
+Rename-Item -Path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$actualDistributionDir" -NewName $MAVEN_HOME_NAME | Out-Null
+try {
+  Move-Item -Path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$MAVEN_HOME_NAME" -Destination $MAVEN_HOME_PARENT | Out-Null
+} catch {
+  if (! (Test-Path -Path "$MAVEN_HOME" -PathType Container)) {
+    Write-Error "fail to move MAVEN_HOME"
+  }
+} finally {
+  try { Remove-Item $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR -Recurse -Force | Out-Null }
+  catch { Write-Warning "Cannot remove $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" }
+}
+
+Write-Output "MVN_CMD=$MAVEN_HOME/bin/$MVN_CMD"
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/pom.xml b/microservices/03-resource-server/pom.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d395737
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/pom.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+	<parent>
+		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
+		<version>4.1.0</version>
+		<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
+	</parent>
+	<groupId>com.example</groupId>
+	<artifactId>resource-server</artifactId>
+	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
+	<name />
+	<description />
+	<url />
+	<licenses>
+		<license />
+	</licenses>
+	<developers>
+		<developer />
+	</developers>
+	<scm>
+		<connection />
+		<developerConnection />
+		<tag />
+		<url />
+	</scm>
+	<properties>
+		<java.version>25</java.version>
+	</properties>
+	<dependencies>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security-oauth2-resource-server</artifactId>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webmvc</artifactId>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
+			<scope>provided</scope>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
+			<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
+			<scope>runtime</scope>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-h2console</artifactId>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
+			<scope>runtime</scope>
+			<optional>true</optional>
+		</dependency>
+
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security-oauth2-resource-server-test</artifactId>
+			<scope>test</scope>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webmvc-test</artifactId>
+			<scope>test</scope>
+		</dependency>
+	</dependencies>
+
+	<build>
+		<plugins>
+			<plugin>
+				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+			</plugin>
+		</plugins>
+	</build>
+
+</project>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/ResourceServerApplication.java b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/ResourceServerApplication.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0bad23e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/ResourceServerApplication.java
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package com.example.resourceserver;
+
+import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
+import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
+
+@SpringBootApplication
+public class ResourceServerApplication {
+
+	public static void main(String[] args) {
+		SpringApplication.run(ResourceServerApplication.class, args);
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/config/SecurityConfig.java b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/config/SecurityConfig.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7102e69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/config/SecurityConfig.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package com.example.resourceserver.config;
+
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
+import org.springframework.security.config.Customizer;
+import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableMethodSecurity;
+import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
+import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
+import org.springframework.security.web.SecurityFilterChain;
+
+@Configuration
+@EnableWebSecurity
+@EnableMethodSecurity
+public class SecurityConfig {
+
+    @Bean
+    public SecurityFilterChain securityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
+        http
+            .authorizeHttpRequests(authorize -> authorize
+                // 1. Specify the URL to allow without restrictions
+                .requestMatchers("/api/security/users/*/roles", "/public/**").permitAll()
+                // 2. Require authentication for all other requests
+                .anyRequest().authenticated()
+            )
+            // 3. Configure the app as an OAuth2 Resource Server
+            .oauth2ResourceServer(oauth2 -> oauth2
+                .jwt(Customizer.withDefaults())
+            );
+
+        return http.build();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/post/Post.java b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/post/Post.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c66ce1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/post/Post.java
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+package com.example.resourceserver.post;
+
+import jakarta.persistence.Entity;
+import jakarta.persistence.GeneratedValue;
+import jakarta.persistence.GenerationType;
+import jakarta.persistence.Id;
+import jakarta.persistence.Lob;
+
+@Entity
+public class Post {
+
+    @Id
+    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
+    private Long id;
+
+    private String title;
+
+    private String author;
+
+    @Lob
+    private String description;
+
+    public Long getId() {
+        return id;
+    }
+
+    public void setId(Long id) {
+        this.id = id;
+    }
+
+    public String getTitle() {
+        return title;
+    }
+
+    public void setTitle(String title) {
+        this.title = title;
+    }
+
+    public String getAuthor() {
+        return author;
+    }
+
+    public void setAuthor(String author) {
+        this.author = author;
+    }
+
+    public String getDescription() {
+        return description;
+    }
+
+    public void setDescription(String description) {
+        this.description = description;
+    }
+
+    
+}
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/post/PostRepository.java b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/post/PostRepository.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..778ea92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/post/PostRepository.java
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+package com.example.resourceserver.post;
+
+import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
+
+@Repository
+public interface PostRepository extends JpaRepository<Post, Long> {
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/post/PostRestController.java b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/post/PostRestController.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a3ce86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/post/PostRestController.java
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package com.example.resourceserver.post;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
+
+@RestController
+@RequestMapping("/api/posts")
+public class PostRestController {
+    private PostService postService;
+
+    public PostRestController(PostService postService) {
+        this.postService = postService;
+    }
+
+    @GetMapping("")
+    public List<Post> getAll() {
+        return postService.findAll();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/post/PostService.java b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/post/PostService.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..06194ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/post/PostService.java
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package com.example.resourceserver.post;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
+
+@Service
+public class PostService {
+    private PostRepository postRepository;
+
+    public PostService(PostRepository postRepository) {
+        this.postRepository = postRepository;
+    }
+
+    public List<Post> findAll() {
+        return postRepository.findAll();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/security/RolesResponse.java b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/security/RolesResponse.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d93729
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/security/RolesResponse.java
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package com.example.resourceserver.security;
+
+import java.util.Set;
+
+public record RolesResponse(Set<String> roles) {
+
+}
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/security/User.java b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/security/User.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f84297
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/security/User.java
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+package com.example.resourceserver.security;
+
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+import org.hibernate.annotations.CreationTimestamp;
+import org.hibernate.annotations.UpdateTimestamp;
+
+import jakarta.persistence.CollectionTable;
+import jakarta.persistence.Column;
+import jakarta.persistence.ElementCollection;
+import jakarta.persistence.Entity;
+import jakarta.persistence.FetchType;
+import jakarta.persistence.GeneratedValue;
+import jakarta.persistence.GenerationType;
+import jakarta.persistence.Id;
+import jakarta.persistence.JoinColumn;
+import jakarta.persistence.Table;
+
+/*
+    @Table - Used to set the database table name explicitely.
+*/
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "user_account")
+public class User {
+
+    /*
+     * GenerationType.IDENTITY - Auto generate value based on database's native auto
+     * increment feature
+     */
+    @Id
+    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
+    private Long id;
+
+    @Column(unique = true)
+    private String username;
+
+    private String password;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private String description;
+
+    /*
+     * @ElementCollection: Marks the field as a collection of basic types (Strings,
+     * Integers, etc.) or embeddable objects.
+     * 
+     * @CollectionTable: Customizes the junction table details. If omitted, JPA
+     * generates a default table name combining the entity name and the field name
+     * (e.g., User_roles).
+     * 
+     * @Column: Defines the column name for the String values inside the collection
+     * table.
+     * 
+     * Fetch Type: By default, element collections use FetchType.LAZY. If you access
+     * the set outside of an active transaction or Hibernate session, it throws a
+     * LazyInitializationException. You can switch it to fetch = FetchType.EAGER to
+     * load the strings immediately alongside the main entity.
+     * 
+     */
+    @ElementCollection(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
+    @CollectionTable(name = "user_roles", // Name of the separate collection table
+            joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "user_id") // Foreign key linking back to this entity
+    )
+    @Column(name = "role_name") // Name of the column storing the actual String values
+    private Set<String> roles = new HashSet<>(); // e.g., ["ADMIN", "USER"]
+
+    public String getPassword() {
+        return password;
+    }
+
+    public String getUsername() {
+        return username;
+    }
+
+    public Long getId() {
+        return id;
+    }
+
+    public void setId(Long id) {
+        this.id = id;
+    }
+
+    public void setUsername(String username) {
+        this.username = username;
+    }
+
+    public void setPassword(String password) {
+        this.password = password;
+    }
+
+    public String getDescription() {
+        return description;
+    }
+
+    public void setDescription(String description) {
+        this.description = description;
+    }
+
+    public Set<String> getRoles() {
+        return roles;
+    }
+
+    public void setRoles(Set<String> roles) {
+        this.roles = roles;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/security/UserRepository.java b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/security/UserRepository.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9bf9422
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/security/UserRepository.java
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package com.example.resourceserver.security;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
+
+@Repository
+public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
+    Optional<User> findByUsername(String username);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/security/UserRestController.java b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/security/UserRestController.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0eb0d51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/security/UserRestController.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+package com.example.resourceserver.security;
+
+import java.security.Principal;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
+import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
+import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
+import org.springframework.security.core.annotation.AuthenticationPrincipal;
+import org.springframework.security.oauth2.jwt.Jwt;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestHeader;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
+
+@RestController
+@RequestMapping("/api/security/users")
+public class UserRestController {
+    private UserService userService;
+
+    public UserRestController(UserService userService) {
+        this.userService = userService;
+    }
+
+    @GetMapping("/{username}/roles")
+    public ResponseEntity<RolesResponse> getRoles(@PathVariable String username) {
+        Optional<User> user = userService.findByUsername(username);
+
+        if (user.isEmpty()) {
+            return ResponseEntity.ok(new RolesResponse(Set.of()));
+        }
+
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(new RolesResponse(user.get().getRoles()));
+    }
+
+    @GetMapping("/test")
+    public String test(Principal principal) {
+        return principal.toString();
+    }
+
+    @GetMapping("/test-username")
+    public String testName(Principal principal) {
+        return principal.getName();
+    }
+
+    // Get roles using the Authentication object
+    @GetMapping("/test-roles-auth")
+    public Collection<String> getRoles(Authentication authentication) {
+        return authentication.getAuthorities().stream()
+                .map(GrantedAuthority::getAuthority)
+                .collect(Collectors.toList());
+    }
+
+    // Inspect raw JWT claims directly
+    @GetMapping("/test-roles-jwt")
+    public Map<String, Object> getClaims(@AuthenticationPrincipal Jwt jwt) {
+        return jwt.getClaims(); // Extract custom JSON fields containing roles
+    }
+
+    /* Not very secure because unverifiable headers can be introduced by unwanted parties */
+    @GetMapping("/test-roles-headers")
+    public String getRolesFromHeaders(@RequestHeader("X-User-Name") String username,
+            @RequestHeader("X-User-Roles") String roles) {
+        return "Roles: " + roles + ", username: " + username ;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/security/UserService.java b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/security/UserService.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f6ddac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/java/com/example/resourceserver/security/UserService.java
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+package com.example.resourceserver.security;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
+import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
+import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PreAuthorize;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
+
+import jakarta.transaction.Transactional;
+
+@Service
+public class UserService {
+
+    @Autowired
+    private UserRepository userRepository;
+
+    public Optional<User> findByUsername(String username) {
+        return userRepository.findByUsername(username);
+    }
+
+    public Optional<User> findById(Long id) {
+        return userRepository.findById(id);
+    }
+
+    public List<User> findAll() {
+        return userRepository.findAll(Sort.by(Sort.Direction.ASC, "username"));
+    }
+
+    @PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')")
+    @Transactional
+    public void updateUser(Long id, String description) {
+        // Do whatever the work needed.
+        // ...
+
+        Optional<User> userOpt = userRepository.findById(id);
+
+        User user = userOpt.get();
+
+        user.setDescription(description);
+
+        // NO userRepository.save(user) IS ACTUALLY REQUIRED HERE since the method
+        // has been annotated with @Transactional!
+        // Transaction commits -> Hibernate issues the SQL UPDATE.
+    }
+}
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/resources/application.yaml b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/resources/application.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aa42301
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/resources/application.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+server:
+  port: 8052
+  address: 127.0.0.1
+  servlet:
+    context-path: /myservices
+
+# logging:
+#   level:
+#     org.springframework.security: trace
+
+spring:
+  application:
+    name: resource-server
+
+  security:
+    oauth2:
+      resourceserver:
+        jwt:
+          issuer-uri: http://127.0.0.1:8051
+
+  datasource:
+    url: jdbc:h2:mem:testdb
+    driver-class-name: org.h2.Driver
+    username: sa
+    password: password
+  h2:
+    console:
+      enabled: true
+      path: /h2-console # H2 Console: http://localhost:8052/myservices/h2-console
+  jpa:
+    # database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect
+    hibernate:
+      ddl-auto: update
+    show-sql: true
+    defer-datasource-initialization: true # schema.sql and data.sql are executed after Hibernate/JPA auto-creates database tables.
+
+  # Always execute initialization scripts (resources/schema.sql, resources/data.sql) on startup
+  sql:
+    init:
+      mode: always
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/resources/data.sql b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/resources/data.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..173ee0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/main/resources/data.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+INSERT INTO user_account (username, password, description) VALUES ('admin','$argon2id$v=19$m=16,t=2,p=1$YnJERWhhY0RxV1hGMFNWVg$OHRvhGZx1x9KqCoVZOfUD2TkJc+HQB5SamgYejw+K2Y', 'Admin user');
+INSERT INTO user_account (username, password, description) VALUES ('user1','$argon2id$v=19$m=16,t=2,p=1$YnJERWhhY0RxV1hGMFNWVg$OHRvhGZx1x9KqCoVZOfUD2TkJc+HQB5SamgYejw+K2Y', 'Normal user 1');
+
+INSERT INTO user_roles (user_id, role_name) VALUES (1, 'ADMIN');
+INSERT INTO user_roles (user_id, role_name) VALUES (2, 'USER');
+
+INSERT INTO post (title, author, description) VALUES ('The rabbit jumped over the moon.', 'Kamal', 'Once upon a time there was a rabbit. And then...');
+INSERT INTO post (title, author, description) VALUES ('The fox jumped over the moon.', 'Kamal', 'Once upon a time there was a fox. And then...');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/03-resource-server/src/test/java/com/example/resourceserver/ResourceServerApplicationTests.java b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/test/java/com/example/resourceserver/ResourceServerApplicationTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a787fbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/03-resource-server/src/test/java/com/example/resourceserver/ResourceServerApplicationTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package com.example.resourceserver;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
+
+@SpringBootTest
+class ResourceServerApplicationTests {
+
+	@Test
+	void contextLoads() {
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/.gitignore b/microservices/04-react-app/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a547bf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# Logs
+logs
+*.log
+npm-debug.log*
+yarn-debug.log*
+yarn-error.log*
+pnpm-debug.log*
+lerna-debug.log*
+
+node_modules
+dist
+dist-ssr
+*.local
+
+# Editor directories and files
+.vscode/*
+!.vscode/extensions.json
+.idea
+.DS_Store
+*.suo
+*.ntvs*
+*.njsproj
+*.sln
+*.sw?
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/.oxlintrc.json b/microservices/04-react-app/.oxlintrc.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1255078
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/.oxlintrc.json
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "./node_modules/oxlint/configuration_schema.json",
+  "plugins": ["react", "oxc"],
+  "rules": {
+    "react/rules-of-hooks": "error",
+    "react/only-export-components": ["warn", { "allowConstantExport": true }]
+  }
+}
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/README.md b/microservices/04-react-app/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8daba90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# OAuth2 secured api gateway access
+
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/dev/db.json b/microservices/04-react-app/dev/db.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ca4f6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/dev/db.json
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+  "posts": [
+    { "id": "1", "title": "Getting Started with JSON Server", "author": "John Doe" },
+    { "id": "2", "title": "Vue and React Prototyping", "author": "Jane Smith" }
+  ],
+  "comments": [
+    { "id": "1", "text": "Great tool!", "postId": "1" }
+  ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/index.html b/microservices/04-react-app/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b009a02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
+    <link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="/favicon.svg" />
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
+    <title>Microservices</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <div id="root"></div>
+    <script type="module" src="/src/main.jsx"></script>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/package-lock.json b/microservices/04-react-app/package-lock.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7df3b15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/package-lock.json
@@ -0,0 +1,1746 @@
+{
+  "name": "05-useeffect",
+  "version": "0.0.0",
+  "lockfileVersion": 3,
+  "requires": true,
+  "packages": {
+    "": {
+      "name": "05-useeffect",
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+        "axios": "^1.18.1",
+        "react": "^19.2.7",
+        "react-dom": "^19.2.7",
+        "react-router": "^8.1.0"
+      },
+      "devDependencies": {
+        "@types/react": "^19.2.17",
+        "@types/react-dom": "^19.2.3",
+        "@vitejs/plugin-react": "^6.0.3",
+        "oxlint": "^1.71.0",
+        "vite": "^8.1.1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@emnapi/core": {
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+      "license": "MIT",
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diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/public/icons.svg b/microservices/04-react-app/public/icons.svg
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/public/icons.svg
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+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
+  <symbol id="bluesky-icon" viewBox="0 0 16 17">
+    <g clip-path="url(#bluesky-clip)"><path fill="#08060d" d="M7.75 7.735c-.693-1.348-2.58-3.86-4.334-5.097-1.68-1.187-2.32-.981-2.74-.79C.188 2.065.1 2.812.1 3.251s.241 3.602.398 4.13c.52 1.744 2.367 2.333 4.07 2.145-2.495.37-4.71 1.278-1.805 4.512 3.196 3.309 4.38-.71 4.987-2.746.608 2.036 1.307 5.91 4.93 2.746 2.72-2.746.747-4.143-1.747-4.512 1.702.189 3.55-.4 4.07-2.145.156-.528.397-3.691.397-4.13s-.088-1.186-.575-1.406c-.42-.19-1.06-.395-2.741.79-1.755 1.24-3.64 3.752-4.334 5.099"/></g>
+    <defs><clipPath id="bluesky-clip"><path fill="#fff" d="M.1.85h15.3v15.3H.1z"/></clipPath></defs>
+  </symbol>
+  <symbol id="discord-icon" viewBox="0 0 20 19">
+    <path fill="#08060d" d="M16.224 3.768a14.5 14.5 0 0 0-3.67-1.153c-.158.286-.343.67-.47.976a13.5 13.5 0 0 0-4.067 0c-.128-.306-.317-.69-.476-.976A14.4 14.4 0 0 0 3.868 3.77C1.546 7.28.916 10.703 1.231 14.077a14.7 14.7 0 0 0 4.5 2.306q.545-.748.965-1.587a9.5 9.5 0 0 1-1.518-.74q.191-.14.372-.293c2.927 1.369 6.107 1.369 8.999 0q.183.152.372.294-.723.437-1.52.74.418.838.963 1.588a14.6 14.6 0 0 0 4.504-2.308c.37-3.911-.63-7.302-2.644-10.309m-9.13 8.234c-.878 0-1.599-.82-1.599-1.82 0-.998.705-1.82 1.6-1.82.894 0 1.614.82 1.599 1.82.001 1-.705 1.82-1.6 1.82m5.91 0c-.878 0-1.599-.82-1.599-1.82 0-.998.705-1.82 1.6-1.82.893 0 1.614.82 1.599 1.82 0 1-.706 1.82-1.6 1.82"/>
+  </symbol>
+  <symbol id="documentation-icon" viewBox="0 0 21 20">
+    <path fill="none" stroke="#aa3bff" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.35" d="m15.5 13.333 1.533 1.322c.645.555.967.833.967 1.178s-.322.623-.967 1.179L15.5 18.333m-3.333-5-1.534 1.322c-.644.555-.966.833-.966 1.178s.322.623.966 1.179l1.534 1.321"/>
+    <path fill="none" stroke="#aa3bff" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.35" d="M17.167 10.836v-4.32c0-1.41 0-2.117-.224-2.68-.359-.906-1.118-1.621-2.08-1.96-.599-.21-1.349-.21-2.848-.21-2.623 0-3.935 0-4.983.369-1.684.591-3.013 1.842-3.641 3.428C3 6.449 3 7.684 3 10.154v2.122c0 2.558 0 3.838.706 4.726q.306.383.713.671c.76.536 1.79.64 3.581.66"/>
+    <path fill="none" stroke="#aa3bff" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.35" d="M3 10a2.78 2.78 0 0 1 2.778-2.778c.555 0 1.209.097 1.748-.047.48-.129.854-.503.982-.982.145-.54.048-1.194.048-1.749a2.78 2.78 0 0 1 2.777-2.777"/>
+  </symbol>
+  <symbol id="github-icon" viewBox="0 0 19 19">
+    <path fill="#08060d" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M9.356 1.85C5.05 1.85 1.57 5.356 1.57 9.694a7.84 7.84 0 0 0 5.324 7.44c.387.079.528-.168.528-.376 0-.182-.013-.805-.013-1.454-2.165.467-2.616-.935-2.616-.935-.349-.91-.864-1.143-.864-1.143-.71-.48.051-.48.051-.48.787.051 1.2.805 1.2.805.695 1.194 1.817.857 2.268.649.064-.507.27-.857.49-1.052-1.728-.182-3.545-.857-3.545-3.87 0-.857.31-1.558.8-2.104-.078-.195-.349-1 .077-2.078 0 0 .657-.208 2.14.805a7.5 7.5 0 0 1 1.946-.26c.657 0 1.328.092 1.946.26 1.483-1.013 2.14-.805 2.14-.805.426 1.078.155 1.883.078 2.078.502.546.799 1.247.799 2.104 0 3.013-1.818 3.675-3.558 3.87.284.247.528.714.528 1.454 0 1.052-.012 1.896-.012 2.156 0 .208.142.455.528.377a7.84 7.84 0 0 0 5.324-7.441c.013-4.338-3.48-7.844-7.773-7.844" clip-rule="evenodd"/>
+  </symbol>
+  <symbol id="social-icon" viewBox="0 0 20 20">
+    <path fill="none" stroke="#aa3bff" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.35" d="M12.5 6.667a4.167 4.167 0 1 0-8.334 0 4.167 4.167 0 0 0 8.334 0"/>
+    <path fill="none" stroke="#aa3bff" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.35" d="M2.5 16.667a5.833 5.833 0 0 1 8.75-5.053m3.837.474.513 1.035c.07.144.257.282.414.309l.93.155c.596.1.736.536.307.965l-.723.73a.64.64 0 0 0-.152.531l.207.903c.164.715-.213.991-.84.618l-.872-.52a.63.63 0 0 0-.577 0l-.872.52c-.624.373-1.003.094-.84-.618l.207-.903a.64.64 0 0 0-.152-.532l-.723-.729c-.426-.43-.289-.864.306-.964l.93-.156a.64.64 0 0 0 .412-.31l.513-1.034c.28-.562.735-.562 1.012 0"/>
+  </symbol>
+  <symbol id="x-icon" viewBox="0 0 19 19">
+    <path fill="#08060d" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M1.893 1.98c.052.072 1.245 1.769 2.653 3.77l2.892 4.114c.183.261.333.48.333.486s-.068.089-.152.183l-.522.593-.765.867-3.597 4.087c-.375.426-.734.834-.798.905a1 1 0 0 0-.118.148c0 .01.236.017.664.017h.663l.729-.83c.4-.457.796-.906.879-.999a692 692 0 0 0 1.794-2.038c.034-.037.301-.34.594-.675l.551-.624.345-.392a7 7 0 0 1 .34-.374c.006 0 .93 1.306 2.052 2.903l2.084 2.965.045.063h2.275c1.87 0 2.273-.003 2.266-.021-.008-.02-1.098-1.572-3.894-5.547-2.013-2.862-2.28-3.246-2.273-3.266.008-.019.282-.332 2.085-2.38l2-2.274 1.567-1.782c.022-.028-.016-.03-.65-.03h-.674l-.3.342a871 871 0 0 1-1.782 2.025c-.067.075-.405.458-.75.852a100 100 0 0 1-.803.91c-.148.172-.299.344-.99 1.127-.304.343-.32.358-.345.327-.015-.019-.904-1.282-1.976-2.808L6.365 1.85H1.8zm1.782.91 8.078 11.294c.772 1.08 1.413 1.973 1.425 1.984.016.017.241.02 1.05.017l1.03-.004-2.694-3.766L7.796 5.75 5.722 2.852l-1.039-.004-1.039-.004z" clip-rule="evenodd"/>
+  </symbol>
+</svg>
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/src/App.jsx b/microservices/04-react-app/src/App.jsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aedd87e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/src/App.jsx
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import { Routes, Route, Navigate } from "react-router";
+
+import Navbar from "./components/Navbar";
+import HomePage from "./pages/HomePage"
+import AboutPage from "./pages/AboutPage"
+import AuthLayout from "./features/auth/layouts/AuthLayout"
+import Login from "./features/auth/components/Login"
+import Register from "./features/auth/components/Register"
+import PostList from "./features/posts/components/PostList"
+import AdminPage from "./pages/AdminPage";
+import { useAuth } from "./contexts/AuthContext";
+
+function App() {
+  const { isAdmin } = useAuth();
+
+  return (
+    <div className="app">
+      <Navbar/>
+
+      <Routes>
+        <Route index element={<HomePage />} />
+        <Route path="about" element={<AboutPage />} />
+        <Route path="posts" element={<PostList />} />
+
+        <Route path="admin" element={isAdmin() ? <AdminPage /> : <Navigate to="/" />} />
+
+        <Route element={<AuthLayout />}>
+          <Route path="login" element={<Login />} />
+          <Route path="register" element={<Register />} />
+        </Route>
+      </Routes>
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+export default App
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/src/assets/hero.png b/microservices/04-react-app/src/assets/hero.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02251f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/src/assets/hero.png
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/src/assets/react.svg b/microservices/04-react-app/src/assets/react.svg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6c87de9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/src/assets/react.svg
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diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/src/assets/vite.svg b/microservices/04-react-app/src/assets/vite.svg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5101b67
--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/src/components/Navbar.jsx b/microservices/04-react-app/src/components/Navbar.jsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9697c73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/src/components/Navbar.jsx
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+import { Link, NavLink } from "react-router";
+import { useAuth } from "../contexts/AuthContext"
+import RoleGuard from "./RoleGuard";
+
+const Navbar = () => {
+    const {user, login, logout, isLoggedIn} = useAuth();
+
+    return (
+        <nav className="navbar">
+            {/* Logo */}
+            <Link to="#" className="nav-link">BrandName</Link>
+
+            {/* Mobile Toggle (Checkbox Hack) */}
+            <input type="checkbox" id="nav-toggle" className="nav-toggle" />
+            <label htmlFor="nav-toggle" className="hamburger">
+                <span></span>
+                <span></span>
+                <span></span>
+            </label>
+
+            <ul className="nav-menu">
+                <li>
+                    <NavLink className="nav-link" to="/" end>
+                        Home
+                    </NavLink>
+                </li>
+                <li>
+                    <NavLink className="nav-link" to="/about" end>
+                        About
+                    </NavLink>
+                </li>
+                <li>
+                    <NavLink className="nav-link" to="/posts" end>
+                        Posts
+                    </NavLink>
+                </li>
+
+                <RoleGuard allowedRoles={['ADMIN']}>
+                    <li>
+                        <NavLink className="nav-link" to="/admin" end>
+                            Admin
+                        </NavLink>
+                    </li>
+                </RoleGuard>
+
+                {!isLoggedIn() && (
+                    <>
+                        <li>
+                            <Link to="#" className="nav-link" onClick={login}>Login</Link>
+                        </li>
+                        <li>
+                            <NavLink className="nav-link" to="/register">Register</NavLink>
+                        </li>
+                    </>
+                )}
+
+                {isLoggedIn() && (
+                    <li>
+                        <Link to="#" className="nav-link" onClick={logout}>Logout {user.name}</Link>
+                    </li>
+                )}
+            </ul>
+        </nav>
+    )
+}
+
+export default Navbar
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/src/components/RoleGuard.jsx b/microservices/04-react-app/src/components/RoleGuard.jsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5585908
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/src/components/RoleGuard.jsx
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import { useAuth } from '../contexts/AuthContext';
+
+const RoleGuard = ({ allowedRoles, children }) => {
+  const { isInRoles } = useAuth();
+
+  // If at least one of the user's role is in the allowed list, show the content
+  if (isInRoles(allowedRoles)) {
+    return <>{children}</>;
+  }
+
+  // Otherwise, hide the content
+  return null;
+};
+
+export default RoleGuard;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/src/contexts/AuthContext.jsx b/microservices/04-react-app/src/contexts/AuthContext.jsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9bb5937
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/src/contexts/AuthContext.jsx
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+import { createContext, useState, useEffect, use } from 'react';
+import axios from 'axios';
+
+// 1. Initialize Context
+const AuthContext = createContext(null);
+
+// 2. Create a Custom Provider Component
+export function AuthProvider({ children }) {
+    const [user, setUser] = useState(null);
+
+    useEffect(() => {
+        // Fetch user data from your backend API
+        const fetchUser = async () => {
+            // axios is directly used from Axios library to avoid interceptor
+            // added in services/api.js
+            try {
+                const response = await axios.get("/bff/api/security/me", {
+                    timeout: 30000, // 30 seconds
+                    headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+                    withCredentials: true
+                });
+                if (response.data && 'username' in response.data) {
+                    setUser(response.data);
+                }
+            } catch (error) {
+                console.log(error);
+            }
+        };
+        fetchUser();
+    }, []);
+
+    const login = () => {
+        // Start single sign-on process (Using OAuth2, OpenID)
+        // Access /ui of API gateway.
+        // API gateway will redirect user to authorization server if the user is not logged in
+        // If logged in, API gateway will redirect browser to React app itself reloading the app.
+        window.location.href = "/bff/ui";
+    }
+
+    const logout = async () => {
+        // Logout from API gateway
+        try {
+            const response = await axios.post('/bff/logout', {
+                timeout: 30000, // 30 seconds
+                headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+                withCredentials: true
+            });
+            // Redirect browser to logout from authorization server.
+            window.location.href = response.headers.location;
+            // setUser(null) is not needed since browser is redirected.
+        } catch (error) {
+            console.log(error);
+        }
+    };
+
+    const isLoggedIn = () => {
+        if (user) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    };
+
+    const isAdmin = () => {
+        return isInRole("ADMIN");
+    }
+
+    const isInRole = (role) => {
+        if (user && role && user.roles) {
+            return user.roles.includes(role);
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    };
+
+    const isInRoles = (roles) => {
+        if (user && roles && user.roles) {
+            return roles.some(value => user.roles.includes(value));
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Provide the state and the modifier function as a value object
+    return (
+        <AuthContext value={{ user, login, logout, isLoggedIn, isAdmin, isInRole, isInRoles }}>
+            {children}
+        </AuthContext>
+    );
+}
+
+// 3. Create a clean Custom Hook to consume this specific context
+export function useAuth() {
+    const context = use(AuthContext);
+    if (!context) {
+        throw new Error('useAuth must be used within an AuthProvider');
+    }
+    return context;
+}
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/src/features/auth/components/Login.jsx b/microservices/04-react-app/src/features/auth/components/Login.jsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..45e3e9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/src/features/auth/components/Login.jsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import React from 'react'
+
+const Login = () => {
+  return (
+    <div>Login</div>
+  )
+}
+
+export default Login
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/src/features/auth/components/Register.jsx b/microservices/04-react-app/src/features/auth/components/Register.jsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb20b14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/src/features/auth/components/Register.jsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import React from 'react'
+
+const Register = () => {
+  return (
+    <div>Register</div>
+  )
+}
+
+export default Register
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/src/features/auth/layouts/AuthLayout.jsx b/microservices/04-react-app/src/features/auth/layouts/AuthLayout.jsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20aada4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/src/features/auth/layouts/AuthLayout.jsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import { Outlet } from 'react-router';
+
+const AuthLayout = () => {
+  return (
+    <div className="auth-layout">
+      <div>AuthLayout</div>
+      <Outlet />
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+export default AuthLayout
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/src/features/posts/components/PostList.jsx b/microservices/04-react-app/src/features/posts/components/PostList.jsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7ccd3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/src/features/posts/components/PostList.jsx
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { useState, useEffect } from 'react'
+import api from '../../../services/api'
+
+const PostList = () => {
+    const [posts, setPosts] = useState([]);
+    const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
+    const [error, setError] = useState(null);
+
+    // Fetch data on component mount
+    useEffect(() => {
+        api
+            .get("/posts") // Replace with your actual API endpoint
+            .then((response) => {
+                setPosts(response.data);
+                setLoading(false);
+            })
+            .catch((err) => {
+                setError(err.message);
+                setLoading(false);
+            });
+    }, []);
+
+    if (loading) return <p>Loading posts...</p>;
+    if (error) return <p style={{ color: "red" }}>Error: {error}</p>;
+
+    return (
+        <div style={{ padding: "10px", fontFamily: "sans-serif" }}>
+            <h3>Latest posts</h3>
+
+            {/* 1. LIST VIEW */}
+            <ul>
+                {posts.map((post) => (
+                    <li key={post.id}>
+                        <strong>{post.title}</strong> by {post.author} (ID: {post.id})
+                    </li>
+                ))}
+            </ul>
+        </div>
+    );
+}
+
+export default PostList
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/src/index.css b/microservices/04-react-app/src/index.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e27e33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/src/index.css
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/* 1. Global Resets & Variables */
+* {
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+}
+
+:root {
+  --primary-color: #2563eb;
+  --text-color: #1f2937;
+  --bg-color: #ffffff;
+  --hover-bg: #f3f4f6;
+  --transition: all 0.3s ease;
+}
+
+body {
+  font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif;
+  background-color: #f9fafb;
+}
+
+/* 2. Navbar Layout */
+.navbar {
+  display: flex;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  align-items: center;
+  padding: 1rem 2rem;
+  background-color: var(--bg-color);
+  box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
+  position: sticky;
+  top: 0;
+  z-index: 100;
+}
+
+/* 3. Logo Styles */
+.nav-logo {
+  font-size: 1.5rem;
+  font-weight: 700;
+  color: var(--primary-color);
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+/* 4. Desktop Menu Items */
+.nav-menu {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 1.5rem;
+  list-style: none;
+}
+
+.nav-link {
+  text-decoration: none;
+  color: var(--text-color);
+  font-weight: 500;
+  font-size: 1rem;
+  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
+  border-radius: 0.375rem;
+  transition: var(--transition);
+}
+
+.nav-link:hover, 
+.nav-link.active {
+  color: var(--primary-color);
+  background-color: var(--hover-bg);
+}
+
+/* 5. Mobile Layout (Hidden Elements by Default) */
+.nav-toggle {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+.hamburger {
+  display: none;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 5px;
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+.hamburger span {
+  width: 25px;
+  height: 3px;
+  background-color: var(--text-color);
+  border-radius: 2px;
+  transition: var(--transition);
+}
+
+/* 6. Responsive Media Query */
+@media (max-width: 768px) {
+  .hamburger {
+    display: flex;
+  }
+
+  .nav-menu {
+    position: absolute;
+    top: 100%;
+    left: 0;
+    width: 100%;
+    flex-direction: column;
+    background-color: var(--bg-color);
+    padding: 1.5rem;
+    gap: 1rem;
+    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
+    
+    /* Hide off-screen by default */
+    transform: translateY(-150%);
+    opacity: 0;
+    transition: var(--transition);
+    pointer-events: none;
+  }
+
+  /* Target open state using checkbox selector */
+  .nav-toggle:checked ~ .nav-menu {
+    transform: translateY(0);
+    opacity: 1;
+    pointer-events: auto;
+  }
+
+  /* Hamburger Animate to 'X' when active */
+  .nav-toggle:checked ~ .hamburger span:nth-child(1) {
+    transform: translateY(8px) rotate(45deg);
+  }
+  .nav-toggle:checked ~ .hamburger span:nth-child(2) {
+    opacity: 0;
+  }
+  .nav-toggle:checked ~ .hamburger span:nth-child(3) {
+    transform: translateY(-8px) rotate(-45deg);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/src/main.jsx b/microservices/04-react-app/src/main.jsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44b2ec6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/src/main.jsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { StrictMode } from 'react'
+import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client'
+import { BrowserRouter } from "react-router";
+import './index.css'
+import App from './App.jsx';
+import { AuthProvider } from './contexts/AuthContext.jsx';
+
+createRoot(document.getElementById('root')).render(
+  <StrictMode>
+    <AuthProvider>
+      <BrowserRouter>
+        <App />
+      </BrowserRouter>
+    </AuthProvider>
+  </StrictMode>,
+)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/src/pages/AboutPage.jsx b/microservices/04-react-app/src/pages/AboutPage.jsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb55b44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/src/pages/AboutPage.jsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import React from 'react'
+
+const AboutPage = () => {
+  return (
+    <div>AboutPage</div>
+  )
+}
+
+export default AboutPage
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/src/pages/AdminPage.jsx b/microservices/04-react-app/src/pages/AdminPage.jsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..766d828
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/src/pages/AdminPage.jsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import React from 'react'
+
+const AdminPage = () => {
+  return (
+    <div>AdminPage</div>
+  )
+}
+
+export default AdminPage
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/src/pages/HomePage.jsx b/microservices/04-react-app/src/pages/HomePage.jsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a082c29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/src/pages/HomePage.jsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import React from 'react'
+
+const HomePage = () => {
+  return (
+    <div>HomePage</div>
+  )
+}
+
+export default HomePage
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/src/services/api.js b/microservices/04-react-app/src/services/api.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..215ee1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/src/services/api.js
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import axios from 'axios';
+
+const api = axios.create({
+  baseURL: '/bff/api', // Example value: https://www.example.com
+  timeout: 30000, // 30 seconds
+  headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+  withCredentials: true
+});
+
+// Request Interceptor (Optional: Add Authorization Headers)
+/*
+api.interceptors.request.use(
+  (request) => {
+    console.log("API Request:", request);
+    return request;
+  },
+  (error) => Promise.reject(error)
+);
+*/
+
+// Response Interceptor for Centralized Error Handling
+api.interceptors.response.use(
+  (response) => {
+    return response;
+  },
+  (error) => {
+    console.error("API ERROR:", error.response || error.message);
+
+    if (window.confirm("A network error occured. Try reloading the page?")) {
+      window.location.href =  "/bff/ui"; 
+    }
+
+    return Promise.reject(error);
+  }
+);
+
+export default api;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/microservices/04-react-app/vite.config.js b/microservices/04-react-app/vite.config.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb81936
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/04-react-app/vite.config.js
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { defineConfig } from 'vite'
+import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react'
+
+// https://vite.dev/config/
+export default defineConfig({
+  plugins: [react()],
+
+  // Forward requests to /bff/api to another server (like json-server) 
+  server: {
+    proxy: {
+      '/bff': {
+        target: 'http://localhost:8050',
+
+        changeOrigin: true, // Rewrites the host header to match the target
+
+        secure: false, // Allows self-signed SSL certificates for HTTPS targets
+        
+        // Strips out '/bff' before passing the request to the target server
+        rewrite: (path) => path.replace(/^\/bff/, ''),
+      }
+    }
+  }
+})
diff --git a/microservices/README b/microservices/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d566f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/microservices/README
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+This is an advanced microservices project that includes the following:
+
+ - An OAuth2 server to authenticate and authorize users.
+   Key software used: Spring Authorization server
+
+ - An API gateway that implements the Backend for Frontend (BFF) application architecture.
+   Key software used: Spring Cloud API Gateway (Webflux)
+
+ - An OAuth2 resource server that expose REST services.
+   
+ - A React.js frontend application that interacts with the API gateway.
+
+References:
+
+ - The pattern used in this application is detailed here.
+   https://www.baeldung.com/spring-cloud-gateway-bff-oauth2
+
+ - Details about Backend for Frontend application architecture
+   https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-oauth-browser-based-apps#name-application-architecture-pa
+
+ - OAuth2 authorization framework
+   https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6749
+
+ - OpenID
+   https://openid.net/
+
+Ports used:
+
+  8050 - API gateway
+  8051 - OAuth2 server
+  8052 - Resource server
+
+URLs used:
+
+Both the API gateway and the OAuth2 server are accessed by the web browser and for each of them, a session is maintained. To avoid API gateway session data being sent to the OAuth2 server while a developer runs both servers locally, they are accessed via http://localhost and http://127.0.0.1 respectively.